Economic phosphorite from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, South China, and the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Phosphogenic Event

Zhang, Yaguan; Pufahl, Peir K.; Du, Yu; Chen, Guoyong; Liu, Jianzhong; Chen, Qinggang; Wang, Zepeng; Yu, Wenchao

doi:10.1016/j.sedgeo.2019.05.004

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…2019; Zhang et al . 2019). The bradoriid carapaces recovered herein demonstrate that SCF processing is a means to capture a measure of diversity unaffected by the vagaries of phosphogenesis (see also Slater et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from North Greenland: new light on metazoan diversity in early Cambrian shelf environments

Wallet

Slater

Willman

et al. 2020

Papers in Palaeontology

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The Sirius Passet Lagerstätte of North Greenland is one of the oldest records of soft‐bodied metazoan‐dominated ecosystems from the early Cambrian. The Lagerstätte site itself is restricted to just a single c. 1‐km‐long outcrop located offshore from the shelf margin, in an area affected by metamorphic alteration during the Ellesmerian Orogeny (Devonian – Early Carboniferous). The recent recovery of small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) to the south, in areas that escaped the effects of this deformation, has substantially expanded the known coverage of organic preservation into shallower water depositional settings in this region. Here, we describe additional SCF assemblages from the siliciclastic shelf succession of the Buen Formation (Cambrian Series 2, stages 3–4; c. 515 Ma), expanding the previously documented SCF biota. Newly recovered material indicates a rich diversity of non‐mineralizing metazoans, chiefly represented by arthropod remains. These include the filtering and grinding elements of a sophisticated crustacean feeding apparatus (the oldest crustacean remains reported to date), alongside an assortment of bradoriid sclerites, including almost complete, 3D valves, which tie together a number of SCFs previously found in isolation. Other metazoan remains include various trilobite cuticles, diverse scalidophoran sclerites, and a range of metazoan fragments of uncertain affinity. This shallower water assemblage differs substantially from the Sirius Passet biota, which is dominated by problematic euarthropod stem‐group members and sponges. Although some of these discrepancies are attributable to taphonomic or temporal factors, these lateral variations in taxonomic composition also point to significant palaeoenvironmental and/or palaeoecological controls on early Cambrian metazoan communities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from North Greenland: new light on metazoan diversity in early Cambrian shelf environments

Wallet

Slater

Willman

et al. 2020

Papers in Palaeontology

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“…The presence of phosphate peloids and the scarcity of detrital particles suggest the formation in relatively distal parts of the platform away from terrigenous inputs. Hence, we interpret these phosphatic marls to have formed pristinely in the outer platform, below the storm wavebase, where phosphatic peloids were precipitated authigenically in pore water microsystems at the water-sediment interface (Föllmi, 1996;Glenn et al, 1994;Pufahl and Groat, 2017;Soudry et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2019). This phosphogenesis process requires the conjunction of many biochemical conditions to occur, including: i) the availability of phosphorus and its release from the organic matter to pore water by bacterial mediation (Diaz et al, 2008;Krajewski et al, 1994), ii) the availability of fluorine (F), and iii) the pumping of Mg from pore water in order to precipitate the francolite by supersaturation of P (Jarvis et al, 1994, Glenn 1994).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Moroccan High Atlas phosphate-rich sediments: Unraveling the accumulation and differentiation processes

Bamiki

Séranne

Chellaı̈

et al. 2020

Sedimentary Geology

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The phosphate series of the Moroccan High Atlas accumulated during the Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene phosphogenic period, on a biologically-productive shallow-water platform. These phosphate-rich sediments were deposited during a relative sea-level cycle generating major stratigraphic surfaces. Five different types of phosphate lithofacies are recognized, based on their petrographic and sedimentologic features. The pristine phosphate lithofacies corresponds to phosphatic marls formed by francolite authigenesis within the outer platform domain below the storm wave-base (primary phosphogenesis zone). This primary phosphate lithofacies can be differentiated as a result of the interaction between hydrodynamic autocyclic processes and allocyclic forcing. Accordingly, the granular phosphate lithofacies was formed by in-situ storm and bottom currents that winnowed the pristine phosphate. This winnowed lithofacies, composed of densely-packed peloids, shows relatively high P2O5 concentrations. The turbiditic phosphate resulted from the basinward transport and deposition of other phosphate types by gravity flows leading to normally-graded phosphate sediment. The phosphatic lags were formed by wave reworking and transporting of pristine and associated granular facies within the inner platform. The karst-filling phosphate corresponds to former phosphate types transported by early transgressive currents and trapped within karstic pockets as microconglomeratic phosphate. The distribution of the different phosphate types across the margin and within the depositional sequences is controlled by the effects of relative sea-level changes. The pristine phosphate and associated winnowed facies are found above the major maximum flooding surface, which is dated by nannoflora to the Selandian-Thanetian transition. The phosphatic turbidites occurred during periods of high sea-level. The karst-related phosphatic facies 3 accumulated during early transgressive stages. The phosphatic lags accumulated mainly during the regressive phases of third and fourth order sequences. The accumulation processes of the different phosphate lithofacies control the ore grade of the phosphatic sediments: repeated storm-induced winnowing of pristine phosphate contributes to enrichment of the phosphate ore grade.

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“…It comprises two continental blocks, the Yangtze Block and the Cathaysia Block, which amalgamated along the Jiangnan Belt in the Neoproterozoic ( Fig. 1; Cawood et al, 2013bCawood et al, , 2018bZhao et al, 2018Zhao et al, , 2019aZhang et al, 2019;Yao et al, in press). The South China Craton is separated from the North China Craton by the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt and from the Indochina Block by Song-Ma Suture (Fig.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Although an increasing number of pre-Neoproterozoic rocks have been reported in the Yangtze Block over the past few years (Guo et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2018a;Xiang et al, 2018;Zheng et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2019), the nature of the Precambrian crystalline basement to the block and its evolutionary record remain unclear. For example, the isolated and spatially separated nature of the Archean rocks in the block has led to speculation as to whether they represent a single, evolving segment of crust or a series of independent fragments that were subsequently amalgamated (Ling et al, 2001;Wang et al, 2018b;Wang et al, 2018c;Zhao et al, 2019b;G.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic K-rich granites in the Phan Si Pan Complex, north Vietnam: Constraints on the early crustal evolution of the Yangtze Block

Zhao

Cawood

Wang

et al. 2019

Precambrian Research

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Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Phan Si Pan Complex, North Vietnam, constitute the southern extension of the Yangtze Block, and provide a valuable record of the early evolution of the continental crust. We present results of U-Pb zircon geochronology and geochemistry for Precambrian granites in this complex to constrain their emplacement age and genesis. Granites from three plutonic bodies yielded ages of 2848 ± 15 Ma, 2768 ± 19 Ma and 1869 ± 30 Ma, which represent newly-recognized late Archean to the disparate terranes and final cratonization of the Yangtze Block overlaps with, and may be related to, assembly of the Nuna supercontinent.

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Economic phosphorite from the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, South China, and the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Phosphogenic Event

Cited by 41 publications

References 103 publications

Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from North Greenland: new light on metazoan diversity in early Cambrian shelf environments

Small carbonaceous fossils (SCFs) from North Greenland: new light on metazoan diversity in early Cambrian shelf environments

The Moroccan High Atlas phosphate-rich sediments: Unraveling the accumulation and differentiation processes

Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic K-rich granites in the Phan Si Pan Complex, north Vietnam: Constraints on the early crustal evolution of the Yangtze Block

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