Economic pulse electrodeposition for flexible CuInSe2 solar cells

Abstract

Electrodeposition is one of the leading non-vacuum techniques for the fabrication of CuInSe2 (CIS)-based solar cells. In the present work, pulse electrodeposition, an advanced technique, is utilized effectively for CIS absorber preparation devoid of any additives/complexing agents. An economic pulse electrodeposition is employed for the deposition of Cu/In stack followed by selenization to fabricate CIS absorbers on flexible and glass substrates. The approach uses a two-electrode system suitable for large area deposition and utilizes the fundamentals of pulse electrodeposition with appropriate optimization of parameters to obtain smooth Cu/In precursors. The selenized CIS absorbers are of 1 µm thick while possessing copper-poor composition (Cu/In ≈ 0.9) and tetragonal chalcopyrite phase. The fabricated devices have exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 5.2%. The technique can be further improved to obtain low-cost CIS solar cells which are suitable for various small-scale energy applications.

Numerical Expedition on the Potential of AgBiS2-Based Thin Film Solar Cells Employing Different Carrier Transport Layers

“…18 In addition, the PCE of 6.4% has also been seen in ABS colloidal nanocrystal solar devices. 19 Recently, solution-processed mixed ABS TFSC has demonstrated an efficiency of 7.3%. 20 While a PCE of 26% has been found for ABS based PV cells through theoretical research.…”

“…19 cm −3 , CuS, AlSb, and WSe 2 might deliver an equivalent efficiency with Sb 2 S 3 , MoS 2 , and CGS BSF. The In 2 S 3 windowbased ABS devices with different BSF layers have a maximum 27% efficiency.…”

“…v (cm −3 ) 1.7 × 1019 1.8 × 10 18 1.8 × 10 19 1.0 × 10 19 1.00 × 10 19 1.6 × 10 19 μ e (cm 2 V −1 s −1 ) 2.0 × 10 A (1/cm 3 ) 1.00 × 10 18 1.00 × 10 18 1.00 × 10 19 1.00 × 10 19 2.00 × 10 19 1.00 × 10 18…”