“…Here, we define reindeer herding as the “control of free‐ranging animals in terrain,” while husbandry is the “accumulation of profit” (Brännlund & Axelsson, 2011). Similar to other pastoralist lifestyles, the culture of reindeer herding and husbandry is at risk from an array of threats including land‐use conflicts, shifting economic patterns, mining, large‐scale human disasters (e.g., Chernobyl), climate change, as well as predator recolonization and recovery (Bostedt, 2001; Danell, 2000; Furberg et al, 2011; Herrmann et al, 2014; Parkatti & Tahvonen, 2020; Pekkarinen et al, 2020; Rasmus et al, 2020; Skarin et al, 2018). Large carnivores, including lynx ( Lynx lynx ), wolverine ( Gulo gulo ), wolves ( Canis lupus ), and brown bears ( Ursus arctos ), have recently recovered and recolonized in parts of Europe (Chapron et al, 2014).…”