Ecosystem Services of Mangroves: A Systematic Review and Synthesis of Contemporary Scientific Literature

Abstract

The paper narrates a systematic literature review on ‘’mangrove ecosystem services’’ to identify their typology, distribution, and utilization within the contemporary scientific literature. We performed a systematic review of 76 research articles derived from the Scopus database, and the dataset was scrutinized and classified against the four major categories of ecosystem services, namely provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services, as per the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (2005). We attempted to determine the existing state of the interconnectedness of mangrove ecosystem services by mapping the potential synergies and trade-offs. Further, an attempt was made to understand the critical linkages between mangrove ecosystem services and their contribution to the localization/achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The results suggest disproportionate distribution of scientific literature, where nearly 56 of the studies were concentrated in Asia. The recognition of regulating the services of mangroves, particularly in carbon storage and disaster risk reduction, outnumbered the other types of ecosystem services. In particular, studies related to mangroves’ cultural ecosystem services remain underrepresented. The results show a strong correlation in terms of synergies between the coastal protection ecosystem services and the high carbon sequestration ability of mangroves; and the trade-off between facilitating water transport services and the provision of fresh water. Of the 17 SDGs, three SDGs, namely, SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG 13 (climate action), and SDG 14 and 15 (life below water and life on land) showed close interrelationships with the existing database. As such, the results are beneficial for coastal planners to better integrate and mainstream mangrove ecosystem services into coastal and regional planning, by maximizing synergies, encouraging the involvement of coastal communities as well as elaborating ameliorative adaptive measures.

Evaluation of Mangrove Ecosystem Importance for Local Livelihoods in Different Landscapes: A Case Study of the Hau and Hoang Mai River Estuaries in Nghe An, North-Central Vietnam

“…The mean mangrove productivity of the study area was 8,520 USD per ha/year, which is less than the global average of 28,662 USD per ha/year [6]. However, it contributed to local household livelihoods, with approximately 50 % of their income being derived from the mangrove ecosystems.…”

“…Mangrove ecosystems provide socio-economic benefits, which can be classified into four functions: provisioning, supporting, regulating, and cultural [1]. Among these, provisioning of biota (e.g., fauna and flora) plays an important role in local livelihoods in coastal regions of tropical and subtropical countries [2][3][4][5][6]. Residents near large, rural mangrove forests have been reported to be approximately 75-80 % dependent on them [7,8].…”

Mangrove ecosystem management in Indonesia: Review, limitation, gap, and knowledge

“…The reporting of the PRISMA method is also said to be more optimal in terms of the quality of the literature review process (Sarkis-Onofre et al, 2021). This review approach has been taken several times, such as for bibliometric reviews (Dabić et al, 2020;Donthu et al, 2021;Manesh et al, 2021) and meta-analysis reviews (Rosck et al, 2017;Rana & Paul 2020;Bhowmik et al, 2022;Bimrah et al, 2022). Meanwhile, other approaches related to this review have also been carried out, including the hybrid narrative approach (Paul et al, 2017;Kumar et al, 2020), theme-based synthesis (Kahiya, 2018;Christofi et al, 2021), and theory-based reviews (Hassan et al, 2016;Gilal et al 2019).…”

Inclusive landscape governance: Forest welfare services and forest value orientation in the National Luxury Forest, South Korea

“…Forests play a central role in greenspace as they hold the highest levels of biodiversity and gross surface; accordingly, FES should be approached from holistic approaches, including ecological, economic, and social functions (Baciu et al 2021). The attributes of FES can be tri-parted -direct, indirect, and regulating ecosystem services (Bimrah et al 2022; Muradian and Gómez-Baggethun 2022; Taye et al 2021; Wang et al 2022). Direct ecosystem service is about material provisioning, such as food, timber, or water supply; indirect ecosystem service or CES relates more to spiritual aspects, such as psychological bene ts or recreation.…”