EcoTILLING Reveals Natural Allelic Variations in Starch Synthesis Key Gene TaSSIV and Its Haplotypes Associated with Higher Thousand Grain Weight

Irshad, Ahsan; Guo, Huijun; Zhang, Shunlin; Gu, Jun; Zhao, Liyan; Xie, Yi; Xiong, Hui; Zhao, Shirong; Ding, Yuping; Ma, You-Zhi; Liu, Luxiang

doi:10.3390/genes10040307

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Hexaploid wheat has three homoeologs of TaSS4 on group 1 chromosomes (Irshad et al ., 2019). The B‐ and D‐genome homoeologs were reported to have 16 exons and the A‐genome homoeolog has 13 exons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

STARCH SYNTHASE 4 is required for normal starch granule initiation in amyloplasts of wheat endosperm

et al. 2021

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Starch granule initiation is poorly understood at the molecular level. The glucosyltransferase, STARCH SYNTHASE 4 (SS4), plays a central role in granule initiation in Arabidopsis leaves, but its function in cereal endosperms is unknown. We investigated the role of SS4 in wheat, which has a distinct spatiotemporal pattern of granule initiation during grain development.(2) We generated TILLING mutants in tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum) that are defective in both SS4 homoeologs. The morphology of endosperm starch was examined in developing and mature grains.(3) SS4 deficiency led to severe alterations in endosperm starch granule morphology. During early grain development, while the wild type initiated single 'A-type' granules per amyloplast, most amyloplasts in the mutant formed compound granules due to multiple initiations. This phenotype was similar to mutants deficient in B-GRANULE CONTENT 1 (BGC1). SS4 deficiency also reduced starch content in leaves and pollen grains.(4) We propose that SS4 and BGC1 are required for the proper control of granule initiation during early grain development that leads to a single A-type granule per amyloplast. The absence of either protein results in a variable number of initiations per amyloplast and compound granule formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

STARCH SYNTHASE 4 is required for normal starch granule initiation in amyloplasts of wheat endosperm

et al. 2021

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show abstract

“…Hexaploid wheat has three homoeologs of TaSS4 on group 1 chromosomes (Irshad et al ., 2019). The B- and D-genome homoeologs were reported to have 16 exons and the A-genome homoeolog has 13 exons.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

STARCH SYNTHASE 4 is required for normal starch granule initiation in amyloplasts of wheat endosperm

Hawkins

Chen

Watson‐Lazowski

et al. 2021

Preprint

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SUMMARYStarch granule initiation is poorly understood at the molecular level. The glucosyltransferase, STARCH SYNTHASE 4 (SS4), plays a central role in granule initiation in Arabidopsis leaves, but its function in cereal endosperms is unknown. We investigated the role of SS4 in wheat, which has a distinct spatiotemporal pattern of granule initiation during grain development.We generated TILLING mutants in tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum) that are defective in both SS4 homoeologs. The morphology of endosperm starch was examined in developing and mature grains.SS4 deficiency led to severe alterations in endosperm starch granule morphology. During early grain development, while the wild type initiated single ‘A-type’ granules per amyloplast, most amyloplasts in the mutant formed compound granules due to multiple initiations. This phenotype was similar to mutants deficient in B-GRANULE CONTENT 1 (BGC1). SS4 deficiency also reduced starch content in leaves and pollen grains.We propose that SS4 and BGC1 are required for the proper control of granule initiation during early grain development that leads to a single A-type granule per amyloplast. The absence of either protein results in a variable number of initiations per amyloplast and compound granule formation.

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“…Grain endosperm is composed of starch that is synthesized and accumulated during grain-filling period ( Dupont and Altenbach 2003 ; Ma et al 2014 ; Huang et al 2016 ). A strong relationship was observed between starch biosynthesis and grain yield in wheat and maize ( Irshad et al 2019 ). The activity of starch synthase was shown to be the highest at 10–20 DAA ( Fahy et al 2018 ), and that starch accumulation rates are correlated with the activities of key enzymes ( Emes et al 2003 ; Jiang et al 2003 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A proteomic analysis of grain yield-related traits in wheat

et al. 2020

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Grain yield, which is mainly contributed by tillering capacity as well as kernel number and weight, is the most important trait to plant breeders and agronomists. Label-free quantitative proteomics was used to analyze yield-contributing organs in wheat. These were leaf sample, tiller initiation, spike initiation, ovary, and three successive kernel development stages at five, ten, and fifteen days after anthesis. We identified 3,182 proteins across all samples. The largest number was obtained for spike initiation (1673), while the smallest was kernel sample at fifteen days after anthesis (709). Of the 3,182 proteins, 296 of them were common to all seven organs. Organ-specific proteins ranged from 148 in ovary to 561 in spike initiation. When relative protein abundances were compared to that of leaf sample, 347 and 519 proteins were identified as differentially abundant in tiller initiation and spike initiation, respectively. When compared with ovary, 81, 35, and 96 proteins were identified as differentially abundant in kernels sampled at five, ten, and fifteen days after anthesis, respectively. Our study indicated that two argonaute proteins were solely expressed in spike initiation. Of the four expansin proteins detected, three of them were mainly expressed during the first 10 days of kernel development after anthesis. We also detected cell wall invertases and sucrose and starch synthases mainly during the kernel development period. The manipulation of these proteins could lead to increases in tillers, kernels per spike, or final grain weight, and is worth exploring in future studies.

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EcoTILLING Reveals Natural Allelic Variations in Starch Synthesis Key Gene TaSSIV and Its Haplotypes Associated with Higher Thousand Grain Weight

Cited by 19 publications

References 56 publications

STARCH SYNTHASE 4 is required for normal starch granule initiation in amyloplasts of wheat endosperm

STARCH SYNTHASE 4 is required for normal starch granule initiation in amyloplasts of wheat endosperm

STARCH SYNTHASE 4 is required for normal starch granule initiation in amyloplasts of wheat endosperm

A proteomic analysis of grain yield-related traits in wheat

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