Ecotourism development in Penang Hill: a multi-stakeholder perspective towards achieving environmental sustainability

Salman, Ahmad; Jaafar, Mastura; Mohamad, Diana; Malik, Summaira

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13609-y

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(102 reference statements)

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“…It is emphasized in the literature that employment, as one of the important components of sustainable development, is insu cient in rural areas where agricultural production activities are intense, and that there is a need for diversi cation of income sources in many different elds (Salman et al 2021). In rural areas, there are barriers to economic growth, employment, and sustainable development, rural tourism, ecotourism, agricultural tourism, farm tourism, and so on.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotourism through the perception of forest villagers: Understanding via mediator effects using structural equation modeling

Gültekin

2022

Preprint

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Ecotourism activities play an important role in providing economic gain to villagers living in forest ecosystems. Successful sustainable forest management is made possible through the environmental responsibility of the stakeholders and the support of the local inhabitants of the region. Contemporary studies conducted in ecotourism have focused on meeting regional expectations by assessing the satisfaction levels and attitudes of tourists and evaluating hotel management services, but have excluded the perspective of the rural people in the region. Using causal models and mediation effects, this study attempted to explore the attitudes of forest villagers, as the most important interest group, toward ecotourism activities in Turkey. Structural equation modeling and bootstrap methods were applied to identify key concepts related to ecotourism including the mediation effects between income opportunities and ecotourism satisfaction as perceived by the forest villagers regarding perceived negative effects and insufficient services. According to the results of the research, it was determined that, despite the perceived negative effects of ecotourism activities by the forest villagers, income opportunities made a strong positive contribution to their perceived ecotourism satisfaction. Study results offer significant implications for policymakers and ecotourism planners for decreasing pressure on forest ecosystems through participatory forest management approaches to sustainable development in rural areas associated with forest ecosystems.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotourism through the perception of forest villagers: Understanding via mediator effects using structural equation modeling

Gültekin

2022

Preprint

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“…Additionally, stakeholder theory demonstrates that stakeholders' interests are not just economic, but that many stakeholders have other tangible interests (Agüera, 2013 ). After analyzing the past literature, researchers defined various types of stakeholders interests in sustainable tourism (Harilal & Tichaawa, 2018 ; Saidmamatov et al, 2020 ; Salman et al, 2021 ; Salman Jaafar, & Mohamad, 2021a ; Salman, Kamerkar, et al, 2021 ) as (1) Materialistic interests, (2) Sociocultural interests and (3) Environmental interests.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because of the presence of multiple stakeholders in the destinations. Researchers such as Jaafar et al ( 2021a , 2021b ), Salman et al ( 2020 ), and Salman Jaafar, and Mohamad ( 2021a ) , Salman et al ( 2021 ), Salman, Kamerkar, et al ( 2021 )) have highlighted that multiple stakeholders can hinder ecotourism sustainability in the destination. Therefore, sustainable ecotourism is only achievable if all stakeholders are well managed and understood in terms of their interests and influence on the destination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Multi-stakeholder Complexity & Developing a Causal Recipe (fsQCA) for achieving Sustainable Ecotourism

Salman

Jaafar

Mohamad

et al. 2022

Environ Dev Sustain

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Ecotourism offers several economic, environmental, and cultural benefits; however, even after all these years, achieving ecotourism sustainability is still complex because of multiple stakeholders with diversified interests and influence. This study focused on the multiple stakeholders' complexity and management for achieving sustainable ecotourism in Penang Hill in Malaysia. Understanding the existence of multiple stakeholders with varying interests and their respective power of influence is critical for a tourism destination to be sustainable. This study aimed to create a multi-stakeholder management framework and understand stakeholder management's mediating role toward ecotourism sustainability in Penang Hill. Data were collected from Penang Hill key stakeholders and analyzed using SmartPLS and fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA). The findings revealed that stakeholder management plays a significant mediating role in achieving ecotourism sustainability. Stakeholders’ interests and their level of influence should be understood to develop engagement, empowerment, and monitoring strategies for managing stakeholders. Thus, the study contributes by validating the results through symmetric and asymmetric techniques, offering solutions to the emerging issues during the Covid-19 pandemic, and recommending policy changes. Lastly, the study also extends prior literature by displaying the mediating role played by stakeholder management on ecotourism sustainability, comparing indirect and total effects on stakeholder management support for achieving sustainable ecotourism in Penang Hill.

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“…In developing countries such as Vietnam, promoting the economic benefits of tourism while preserving ecological sustainability and sociocultural heritage is a constant challenge [37,38]. Several studies have proposed ecotourism to secure economic advantages from the tourism sector while conserving environmental resources and protecting sociocultural heritage through ecotourist activities aimed at creating values of common benefit [39][40][41]. In particular, the cooperation and partnership of all stakeholders in this process create a circular economy that is related to well-being and local ecosystem functions.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the cooperation and partnership of all stakeholders in this process create a circular economy that is related to well-being and local ecosystem functions. In some cases, ecotourism is viewed as an effective tool for preserving cultural value and conserving natural resources [39,42,43]. However, there are also situations where ecotourism has exacerbated the destruction of local natural resources; this can be attributed to a number of factors, including a lack of cooperation and unfair competition between stakeholders in terms of strategic planning and practical operations [44,45].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Circular Economy: A Study on the Use of Airbnb for Sustainable Coastal Development in the Vietnam Mekong Delta

He¹

2021

Sustainability

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The concept of the circular economy has become well known for its solution-oriented approach to transforming available resources into a closed-loop resource system. However, in the context of coastal areas, coastal resources seem to be ignored in the tourism production and consumption process. In relation to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), this article discusses how sharing economy practices may sustain coastal resources through ecotourism, applying a sharing-economy theory that emphasizes changes in the new form—a circular economy—rather than a single traditional Airbnb model or ecotourism model. This study proposes a coastal sustainable development structure model based on the integration between the sharing economy and ecotourism with three modes—positive economic effects, positive economic pressures, and sustainable coastal development—and uses coastal residents’ expectations of their living conditions as moderating factors to investigate the impact of the circular economy on coastal sustainability. We developed a survey-based model that included 303 samples from the indigenous residents of 13 provinces throughout the Vietnam Mekong Delta. The results show that the integration of ecotourism with the Airbnb model has a positive effect on residents’ living conditions, supporting sustainable local development. However, the advancement of technology and residents’ awareness involves barriers to coastal development because the process of modernization is still limited in coastal areas. More specifically, in the case of the Vietnam Mekong Delta, our results suggest that limited technical knowledge and language ability stand as barriers to coastal businesses, showing that the lack of inter-regional connectivity limits the magnitude of local tourism in coastal areas. These findings are useful for assessing residents’ living conditions so that coastal development can work towards poverty reduction. Finally, the establishment and expansion of policies by local authorities can be an indispensable part of coastal economic development by limiting the negative effects of the abuse of natural resources and facilitating family businesses in coastal zones in an effort towards the integration of economic development and social and environmental responsibility.

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Ecotourism development in Penang Hill: a multi-stakeholder perspective towards achieving environmental sustainability

Cited by 28 publications

References 74 publications

Ecotourism through the perception of forest villagers: Understanding via mediator effects using structural equation modeling

Ecotourism through the perception of forest villagers: Understanding via mediator effects using structural equation modeling

Understanding Multi-stakeholder Complexity & Developing a Causal Recipe (fsQCA) for achieving Sustainable Ecotourism

The Circular Economy: A Study on the Use of Airbnb for Sustainable Coastal Development in the Vietnam Mekong Delta

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