Ecotypic variation in root respiration rate among elevational populations ofAbies lasiocarpa andPicea engelmannii

Sowell, John B.; Spomer, George G.

doi:10.1007/bf01036742

Cited by 44 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Tjoelker et al (1999a) compared the root respiration rates of five cold-grown (18\12mC) and warm-grown (30\24mC) boreal tree species at a set measuring temperature (18mC) ; warm-grown plants exhibited root respiration rates that were 50-74% of those exhibited by the cold-grown plants. Moreover, acclimation was not evident in roots of two Picea species (Sowell & Spomer, 1986 ;Weger & Guy, 1991) or Abies lasiocarpa (Sowell & Spomer, 1986). Similarly, whereas acclimation to changes in growth temperature results in near-perfect homeostasis in Citrus volkameriana in wet soils, no acclimation occurs in roots of the same species growing in dry soils (Bryla et al, 1997).…”

Section:        mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…4), comparisons of rates in warm-grown and cold-grown plants at their respective growth temperatures (Sowell & Spomer, 1986) do not enable us to conclude whether respiration has acclimated. Partial acclimation might therefore have occurred in roots of Abies lasiocarpa (Sowell & Spomer, 1986), even though the measurements at the growth temperatures suggested otherwise.…”

Section:        mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Acclimation might also involve changes in the Q "! of respiration, with cold-grown plants being in some cases more temperature sensitive than their warm-grown counterparts (Sowell & Spomer, 1986 ;Drennan & Nobel, 1996 ;Atkin et al, 2000a) (Fig. 4b).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Response of root respiration to changes in temperature and its relevance to global warming

2000

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Global warming over the next century is likely to be associated with a change in the extent to which atmospheric and soil temperatures fluctuate, on both a daily and a seasonal basis. The average annual temperature of the Earth's surface is expected to increase, as is the frequency of hot days. In this review, we explore what effects short-term and long-term changes in temperature are likely to have on root respiratory metabolism, and what impacts such changes will have on daily, seasonal and annual CO # release by roots under field conditions. We demonstrate that Q "! values, and the degree of acclimation, differ between and within plant species. Changes in the temperature sensitivity of respiration with measuring temperature are highlighted. Temperature-dependent changes in adenylate control and substrate supply are likely to control the Q "! and degree of acclimation of root respiration. Limitations in respiration capacity are unlikely to control respiratory flux at most temperatures. The potential role of nonphosphorylating pathways such as the alternative oxidase in controlling Q "! values is highlighted. The possibility that potentially rapid changes in adenylate control might underlie the acclimation response (rather than slow changes in enzyme capacity) has implications for the total amount of CO # respired by roots daily and annually. Our modelling suggests that rapid acclimation will result in near-perfect homeostasis of respiration rates and minimize annual CO # release. However, annual CO # release increases substantially if the speed of full acclimation is lower. Our modelling exercise also shows that high Q "! values have the potential to increase daily and annual CO # release substantially, particularly if the frequency of hot days increases after global warming.

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Section:        mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section:        mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Response of root respiration to changes in temperature and its relevance to global warming

2000

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“…Smakman and Hofstra 1982;Bouma et al 1997;Covey-Crump et al 2002;Loveys et al 2003) or root segments of differing age or function (e.g. Higgins and Spomer 1976;Crawford and Palin 1981;Sowell and Spomer 1986;Weger and Guy 1991;Zogg et al 1996;Pregitzer et al 1997Pregitzer et al , 1998Burton et al 2002;Comas and Eissenstat 2004). Recent studies with leaves have shown that the Q 10 of mature fully expanded leaves is higher than that of immature leaves (A Armstrong, OK Atkin unpublished data).…”

Section: Leaves V Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hot and the cold: unravelling the variable response of plant respiration to temperature

Atkin¹,

Bruhn

Hurry

et al. 2005

Functional Plant Biol.

441

410

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This paper is part of The Evans Review series, named for Dr Lloyd Evans. The series contains reviews that are critical,state-of-the-art evaluations that aim to advance our understanding, rather than being exhaustive compilations of information, and are written by invitation.Abstract. When predicting the effects of climate change, global carbon circulation models that include a positive feedback effect of climate warming on the carbon cycle often assume that (1) plant respiration increases exponentially with temperature (with a constant Q 10 ) and (2) that there is no acclimation of respiration to long-term changes in temperature. In this review, we show that these two assumptions are incorrect. While Q 10 does not respond systematically to elevated atmospheric CO 2 concentrations, other factors such as temperature, light, and water availability all have the potential to influence the temperature sensitivity of respiratory CO 2 efflux. Roots and leaves can also differ in their Q 10 values, as can upper and lower canopy leaves. The consequences of such variable Q 10 values need to be fully explored in carbon modelling. Here, we consider the extent of variability in the degree of thermal acclimation of respiration, and discuss in detail the biochemical mechanisms underpinning this variability; the response of respiration to long-term changes in temperature is highly dependent on the effect of temperature on plant development, and on interactive effects of temperature and other abiotic factors (e.g. irradiance, drought and nutrient availability). Rather than acclimating to the daily mean temperature, recent studies suggest that other components of the daily temperature regime can be important (e.g. daily minimum and / or night temperature).In some cases, acclimation may simply reflect a passive response to changes in respiratory substrate availability, whereas in others acclimation may be critical in helping plants grow and survive at contrasting temperatures. We also consider the impact of acclimation on the balance between respiration and photosynthesis; although environmental factors such as water availability can alter the balance between these two processes, the available data suggests that temperature-mediated differences in dark leaf respiration are closely linked to concomitant differences in leaf photosynthesis. We conclude by highlighting the need for a greater process-based understanding of thermal acclimation of respiration if we are to successfully predict future ecosystem CO 2 fluxes and potential feedbacks on atmospheric CO 2 concentrations.

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“…However, there is actually a rather wide range in reported Q "! values for roots of tree species, with most values ranging from 2 to 3 (2.7 (Cox, 1975), 1.9-2.1 (Cropper & Gholz, 1991), 1.5-3.0 (Lawrence & Oechel, 1983), 2.0 (Sowell & Spomer, 1986), 2.7 , 2.1 , 2.0 (Ryan et al, 1996), and 2.0 ).…”

Section:  mentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of tree fine roots to temperature

et al. 2000

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Soil temperature can influence the functioning of roots in many ways. If soil moisture and nutrient availability are adequate, rates of root length extension and root mortality increase with increasing soil temperature, at least up to an optimal temperature for root growth, which seems to vary among taxa. Root growth and root mortality are highly seasonal in perennial plants, with a flush of growth in spring and significant mortality in the fall. At present we do not understand whether root growth phenology responds to the same temperature cues that are known to control shoot growth. We also do not understand whether the flush of root growth in the spring depends on the utilization of stored nonstructural carbohydrates, or if it is fueled by current photosynthate. Root respiration increases exponentially with temperature, but Q "! values range widely from c. 1.5 to 3.0. Significant questions yet to be resolved are : whether rates of root respiration acclimate to soil temperature, and what mechanisms control acclimation if it occurs. Limited data suggest that fine roots depend heavily on the import of new carbon (C) from the canopy during the growing season. We hypothesize that root growth and root respiration are tightly linked to whole-canopy assimilation through complex source-sink relationships within the plant. Our understanding of how the whole plant responds to dynamic changes in soil temperature, moisture and nutrient availability is poor, even though it is well known that multiple growth-limiting resources change simultaneously through time during a typical growing season. We review the interactions between soil temperature and other growth-limiting factors to illustrate how simple generalizations about temperature and root functioning can be misleading.

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Ecotypic variation in root respiration rate among elevational populations ofAbies lasiocarpa andPicea engelmannii

Cited by 44 publications

References 26 publications

Response of root respiration to changes in temperature and its relevance to global warming

Response of root respiration to changes in temperature and its relevance to global warming

The hot and the cold: unravelling the variable response of plant respiration to temperature

Responses of tree fine roots to temperature

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