Ectopic Goiter Masquerading as Submandibular Gland Swelling

Abstract

Ectopic thyroid glands generally occur in the midline as a result of abnormal median migration, and their presence lateral to the midline is rare. A 12-year-old boy had a swelling in the left submandibular region that imaging techniques showed to be an ectopic thyroid gland, although no thyroid tissue was seen in the normal location. Only eight cases of lateral aberrant thyroid tissue have been reported. The importance of being aware of the possibility of ectopic thyroid tissue as a submandibular region swelling has an important bearing on disease management. A pertinent review of the literature and its management is included.

Diagnosis and Management Protocol of Lingual Thyroid

“…2 Ectopic thyroid tissue also found in geniohyoid, mylohyoid (Sublingual thyroid), above hyoid bone (Pre-laryngeal thyroid) rarely mediastinum of pericardial sac, heart, breast, pharynx, esophagus, trachea, lung, duodenum, mesentery of small intestine and adrenal gland. [3][4][5][6][7] Dual ectopic thyroid is described. 8 even with thyroid gland in a normal location.…”

Giant Thyroid Nodule Atypically Located in The Carotid Triangle of The Neck: A Case Report

“…ETT can be seen at any localization on the middle neck line, from the tongue root to the mediastinum [4][5][6]. Its prevalence is approximately 1/100.000-1/300.000.…”

“…It is more frequently seen in the female population than the male and it generally has an asymptomatic course [7]. However, dysphagia, dysphonia, dyspnea, cardiac failure, and bleeding can be seen based on the localization of the gland [4][5][6]. Further, it has been reported to exert pressure on the surrounding tissues and to display malignant degeneration [4,8].…”

“…Seventy percent of ETT cases contain only the thyroid tissue, whereas others also house different cell groups in their surroundings. All diseases of the thyroid gland present in the thyroid tissue in its normal localization can also be seen in the ectopic thyroid tissue [6]. USG, scintigraphy, computerized tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are radiological methods that can be used in the diagnosis.…”

Tireoide ectópica no mediastino anterior

“…(8) Ectopia usually occurs along the midline, and locations lateral to that are rare, (10) with slightly more than half a dozen cases being known. the thyroid, which proved to present functional integrity.…”