Editorial

Kacew, Sam; Festing, Michael F. W.

doi:10.1080/009841096161960-2840

Cited by 23 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 77 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…13 It is known that different strains of rats can have different sensitivities to chemicals and different activities of CYP 450 isozymes which can affect the response to a chemical insult. 33,34 However, the acute renal pathology was the same in our strain as that observed in the F344 male rat following MON. Third the dose levels of MON and exposure time was different Elcombe et al, looked at the liver and kidneys after 7, 28 and 90 days exposure while the NTP study was for 103 weeks.…”

Section: In Vivo Studiessupporting

confidence: 67%

Transcriptomic alterations induced by Monuron in rat and human renal proximal tubule cells in vitro and comparison to rat renal-cortex in vivo

et al. 2015

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-dimethyl-3-(4-chlorophenyl)urea) is a non-selective phenylurea herbicide, widely used in developing countries although concerns have been raised about its toxicity and carcinogenicity. Monuron was evaluated by the National Toxicology Program in 1988 and shown to be a male rat-specific renal carcinogen. We report that oral administration of Monuron to male rats for 3 days, leads to a larger number of genes being differentially expressed in the renal-cortex than in the liver. Further, we observed up-regulation of cell cycle genes and genes involved in cell proliferation in the renalcortex while in the liver xenobiotic metabolising enzymes were up-regulated. We also identified one commonly down-regulated gene in both organs -fragile histidine triad gene (Fhit), a putative tumour suppressor gene; however the down-regulation was only significant at the protein level in the liver. In addition, we conducted in vitro wholegenome transcriptomics studies with human and rat renal cortical cells. Rat cells exposed to Monuron showed down-regulation of sterol biosynthesis, spliceosome and cell cycle genes and up-regulation of genes involved in amino acid metabolism and transport. No genes were found to be differentially expressed in human cells exposed to Monuron. Overall, the findings from the in vitro studies showed very little overlap with the whole animal findings.

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Section: In Vivo Studiessupporting

confidence: 67%

Transcriptomic alterations induced by Monuron in rat and human renal proximal tubule cells in vitro and comparison to rat renal-cortex in vivo

et al. 2015

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Rat strain differences in the vulnerability of serotonergic nerve endings to neurotoxic damage by p-chloroamphetamine

Zhou

Schreinert

Pilz

et al. 1996

J. Neural Transmission

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Substituted amphetamines are known to selectively destroy serotonin (5-HT) nerve endings in distant projection fields of the dorsal raphe nuclei and the systemic administration of these drugs is widely used in investigations of the role of the central 5-HT system and of the mechanisms involved in their toxicity. Until now Sprague-Dawley rats were almost exclusively used for this purpose and the findings were thought to apply to other strains as well. We compared the long-term effects of the administration of different doses of para-chloroamphetamine (PCA) on three specific markers of the density of 5-HT presynapses, [3H]-paroxetine binding to 5-HT-transporters, tryptophan hydroxylase apoenzyme contents, and 5-HT levels in the frontal cortex of Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats. PCA-treatment caused a dose dependent decline of all three parameters which was much more pronounced in Sprague-Dawley compared to Wistar rats. An i.p. dose of 4 mg PCA/kg body weight, which caused a severe, about 90% reduction of all three parameters of 5-HT innervation in Sprague-Dawley rats was almost ineffective in Wistar rats. The dose of 8 mg/kg which was required to eliminate about 80% of cortical 5-HT presynapses in Wistar rats was already lethal to Sprague-Dawley rats. The reasons of this different susceptibility of the 5-HT system in the two rat strains are unknown. Their elucidation will contribute to a better understanding of inherited differences in individual vulnerability to the neurotoxic effects of substituted amphetamines. The combined measurements of transporter density, of tryptophan hydroxylase apoenzyme contents, and of 5-HT levels is a powerful tool for the assessment of experimentally induced changes in the density of 5-HT innervation in distant projection fields of the raphe nuclei.

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Further validation of the affective bias test for predicting antidepressant and pro-depressant risk: effects of pharmacological and social manipulations in male and female rats

et al. 2017

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RationaleAffective biases are hypothesised to contribute to the cause and treatment of mood disorders. We have previously found that affective biases, associated with learning and memory, are observed following acute treatments with a range of antidepressant and pro-depressant manipulations.ObjectiveThis study aimed to test if similar biases are observed in male and female Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. We also test whether the stress hormone, corticosterone, induces a negative bias in the affective bias test (ABT) consistent with its putative role in the development of depression. We then use a meta-analysis to compare our findings with data published for the Lister Hooded rats.MethodsThe ABT uses a within-subject study design where animals learn to associate distinct digging substrates, encountered on different days, with the same value food reward. Exposure to one substrate is paired with a treatment manipulation (drug or environmental) and the other with a control condition. A preference test is used to test if the treatment has induced a positive or negative bias.ResultsConsistent with previous data, both male and female SD rats exhibit similar positive affective biases following treatment with the antidepressant, venlafaxine, and social play and negative affective biases following FG 7142 (benzodiazepine inverse agonist) and social stress. Acute treatment with corticosterone induced a negative bias.ConclusionsThese data add to the translational validity of the ABT and suggest that corticosterone can induce a negative affective bias following acute treatment, an effect which may contribute to its long-term effects on mood.

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Editorial

Cited by 23 publications

References 77 publications

Transcriptomic alterations induced by Monuron in rat and human renal proximal tubule cells in vitro and comparison to rat renal-cortex in vivo

Transcriptomic alterations induced by Monuron in rat and human renal proximal tubule cells in vitro and comparison to rat renal-cortex in vivo

Rat strain differences in the vulnerability of serotonergic nerve endings to neurotoxic damage by p-chloroamphetamine

Further validation of the affective bias test for predicting antidepressant and pro-depressant risk: effects of pharmacological and social manipulations in male and female rats

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