Education and Employment Among Arab Americans: Pathways to Individual Identity and Community Resilience

Haboush, Karen L.; Barakat, Nicole

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8238-3_11

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The third period, 2001-2010, encompassed the 2003 U.S. invasion in Iraq. Furthermore, heightened hostility toward Arab Americans in the post-9/11 era resulted in more deeply entrenched negative biases that created more challenging integration contexts for this cohort (Haboush & Barakat, 2014). Finally, we identified a fourth period, 2011+, which witnessed continuing upheaval in Iraq, a ripple of regime overthrows during the Arab Spring, and the Syrian civil war.…”

Section: Links Between Demographics Socioeconomics Integration Factor...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Migration and Cognitive Health Disparities: The Arab American and Refugee Case

Al‐Rousan

Kamalyan

Sideman

et al. 2022

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B

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Objectives This study investigates whether year of arrival to the U.S. and birthplace relate to post-migration cognitive difficulties among foreign- and U.S.-born Arab Americans in later life. Methods We analyzed 19 years (2000–2019) of data from the American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Samples (weighted N = 393,501; ages ≥ 50 years). Cognitive difficulty was based on self-reported data, and weighted means, percentages, adjusted prevalence estimates, and adjusted odds ratio were calculated. Results Controlling only for demographics, foreign-born Arabs reported higher odds of cognitive difficulty compared to U.S.-born Arabs across all arrival cohorts (p<.001). After accounting for economic and integration factors, those who arrived between 1991-2000 had higher odds (OR = 1.06, 95% CI =1.00, 1.19, p<.01), while those who arrived after 2001 had lower odds (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.97, p <.001) of cognitive difficulty. Lacking English proficiency (OR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.82, 1.98, p <.001) was related to higher odds, whereas not being a U.S. citizen was significantly associated with lower odds (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.52, 0.94, p <.001) of cognitive difficulty. Yet, results varied by birthplace. Migrants born in Iraq consistently reported the highest odds of cognitive difficulty across all arrival cohorts. Conclusions Migration history and birthplace may be important factors explaining cognitive disparities among the diverse group of Arab migrants and Arab Americans. Future research examining mechanisms underlying these associations and the impact of migration on cognitive health is needed to address cognitive disparities in migrants.

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Section: Links Between Demographics Socioeconomics Integration Factor...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Migration and Cognitive Health Disparities: The Arab American and Refugee Case

Al‐Rousan

Kamalyan

Sideman

et al. 2022

The Journals of Gerontology: Series B

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“…This is viewed as the main vehicle for upward mobility. Therefore, Arab/MENA Americans usually enjoy higher educational attainment than other ethnic groups residing in the United States (Haboush & Barakat, 2014).…”

Section: Cultural Strengthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with trauma: Resilience among immigrants of color in the United States.

Awad¹,

Castellanos²,

Dillard³

et al. 2021

Trauma and Racial Minority Immigrants: Turmoil, Uncertainty, and Resistance.

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P eople immigrate for many reasons (e.g., economics and work, family reunification, refuge) that vary in their level of exposure to trauma. In addition to typical stressors of immigration, immigrants of color may face additional challenges given their ethnic minority status (Suárez-Orozco et al., 2012). Various conditions precede immigration for those who come to the United States. This chapter utilizes the model of cumulative racial/ethnic trauma for Americans of Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) descent to frame a discussion of resilience among MENA Americans and other immigrants of color (Awad et al., 2019). We focus on the macro-and microlevel aspects of their immigration experiences. Specifically, macrolevel aspects related to historical trauma, national context, and institution discrimination are discussed. Further microlevel aspects such as interpersonal discrimination and identity are presented. The chapter concludes by discussing protective and resilience factors used to cope with the aforementioned factors and providing a brief case vignette that illustrates immigrants' navigation of stress and resilience. MACROLEVEL FACTORS RELATED TO IMMIGRANT TRAUMA Historical Trauma and the National ContextAccording to Awad et al. (2019), there are three macrolevel factors related to cumulative racial and ethnic trauma-historical trauma, national context, and institutional discrimination-that may also generally apply to immigrants

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