Education Outcomes of Children of Asian Intermarriages: Does Gender of the Immigrant Parent Matter?

Abstract

Studies about the effects of native and immigrant intermarriage on the human capital of children generally ignore disparate impacts by gender, ethnicity, or other attributes. Using 2000 U.S. Census data, we compare the high school dropout rates of 16-17-year-old children of Asian intermarriages and intra-marriages. We study differences between Asian-father and Asian-mother only families, controlling for observable child, parental and residential characteristics, as well as unobservable selection into intermarriage. Despite the higher average education and income levels of intermarried families, the children of Asian-father-native-mother households have higher dropout rates compared to both Asian intra-married and Asian-mother-native-father households. Children of less-educated fathers do worse, relative to children of less-educated mothers, suggesting the importance of intergenerational paternal transmission of education. Racial self-identity is also important: Children identify as "non-Asian" more often when the mother is native, and their families may under-emphasize education bringing them closer to native levels.

The Intergenerational Effects of Intermarriage

“…Karthick Ramakrishnan (2004) does not provide any clear explanations to their results, however, point out a need for further studies possibly taking aspects such as identity and parental involvement into account to explore this further. A study exploring the importance of the gender of the immigrant parent in Asian intermarriages found important differences between families where the father was Asian(native mother) and families where the mother was Asian(native father) (Basu & Insler 2016). Children of households with an Asian father tended to have higher dropout rates.…”