Efeito da nutrição de adultos e da umidade na fecundidade de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Parra, José Roberto Postali; Milano, Patrícia; Cônsoli, Fernando Luís; Zério, Neide Graciano; Haddad, Marinéia L.

doi:10.1590/s0301-80591999000100005

Cited by 26 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Quando adultos de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.) foram mantidos em ambiente totalmente seco (sem água livre), houve um predomínio de massas de ovos pequenas, não ocorrendo eclosão, mesmo com a umidade relativa do ar a 60±10% (Parra et al 1999); entretanto, na presença de água livre nas gaiolas, a viabilidade de ovos oscilou entre 79% e 85%. Também em Ecdytolopha aurantiana (Lima), ovos depositados em frutos de laranja tiveram viabilidade superior a 90% na faixa de umidade relativa de 50 a 90%, com redução para 80,8% quando foram submetidos a condições de 30% de umidade (Garcia 1998).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Biologia e exigências térmicas de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Bavaresco¹,

Garcia²,

Grützmacher³

et al. 2002

Neotrop. Entomol.

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-The biology of Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk.) was studied under different temperatures and its thermal requirements were determined, aiming to aid the rearing of this insect in the laboratory. Embryonic and post-embryonic periods were evaluated at seven different temperatures (14, 18, 22, 25, 28, 30 and 32ºC) under environmental chamber conditions, with 14h photophase. The caterpillars were reared on an artificial diet containing white bean, soybean meal, yeast extract, wheat germ and powder milk as source of protein. The extent of the embryonic period decreased with the increase of temperature within the 14ºC to 25ºC temperature range, remaining constant between 28ºC and 32ºC. For the other phases (caterpillar, pre-pupa and pupa) an inverse relationship between temperature and duration was observed within the 14ºC to 30ºC temperature range, extending to 32°C for pupae. Duration of pupal phase for males was larger than for females resulting in asynchronous adult emergence. The temperature thresholds for the embryonic, larval, pre-pupal, pupal periods and total cycle were 9.34ºC, 11.65ºC, 9.65ºC, 11.08ºC and 11.23ºC, with thermal constants of 62,73 degree-days (DD), 254.61DD, 33.42DD, 177.55DD and 525.11DD, respectively. Evaluating the pupal phase alone, the threshold temperatures were 11.25ºC for males and 10.81ºC for females, with thermal constants of 188.26DD for males and 165.47DD for females. For total cycle, the threshold temperature and the thermal constant for males were 11.28ºC and 535.85DD, whereas for females the same variables had values of 11.15ºC and 513.17DD. So, the most adequate temperature for the development of S. cosmioides is within the range of 25ºC and 28ºC, where 9.6 to 11.7 generations of the insect can be annually obtained, in laboratory conditions. KEY WORDS: Insecta, bioecology, threshold temperature, thermal constant. RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi estudar a biologia de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk.) em diferentes temperaturas e determinar suas exigências térmicas, visando fornecer subsídios para a criação do inseto em laboratório. Para isso, os períodos embrionário e pós-embrionário foram avaliados em sete temperaturas (14, 18, 22, 25, 28, 30 e 32ºC), em câmaras climatizadas, com fotofase de 14h. As lagartas foram criadas em dieta artificial, tendo como fontes protéicas feijão branco, farelo de soja, levedura de cerveja, germe de trigo e leite em pó. A duração do período embrionário decresceu com o aumento da temperatura na faixa de 14°C a 25°C, mantendo-se constante entre 28°C e 32°C. Para os demais estágios (lagarta, pré-pupa e pupa), foi observada uma relação inversa entre a temperatura e a duração na faixa de 14°C a 30°C, estendendo-se a 32°C para pupas. A duração da fase de pupa dos machos foi maior do que das fêmeas, o que promoveu assincronia na emergência de adultos. As temperaturas bases do período embrionário, fase de larva, pré-pupa, pupa e ciclo total foram 9,34°C; 11,65°C; 9,65°C; 11,08°C e 11,23ºC, com constantes térmicas de 62,73 graus-dia (GD); 254,61 GD...

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Section: Resultsunclassified

Biologia e exigências térmicas de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Bavaresco¹,

Garcia²,

Grützmacher³

et al. 2002

Neotrop. Entomol.

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“…Dispersed points represented atypical values of high egg viability, which possibly refer to larvae hatched from eggs laid by low fecundity females (Fig 3b). The requirements of P. operculella for food sources during adult stage for sustaining reproduction was observed for several other lepidopterans able to feed on several sugar sources (Savopoulou-Soultani et al 1998, Tisdale & Sappington 2001, although adult feeding is not always required (Milano et al 2010) and certain sugar sources may even be toxic to the adult (Parra et al 1999). Nevertheless, it has been demonstrated and argued that carbohydrates fed by adults may be an additional food supply that helps the vitellogenin synthesis and egg development, thus increasing fecundity (Savopoulou-Soultani et al 1998, Tisdale & Sappington 2001.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They play fundamental roles in fi eld assays, such as dispersion analyses, capture and recapture and in nutritional and phenological studies. These techniques include the use of fl uorescent markers or dyes, which allow easier identifi cation, but in addition they must have the lowest possible infl uence over the performed studies (Hagler & Jackson 2001).The reproductive potential of lepidopterans is infl uenced by the insect's lifecycle, nutritional status and development of reproductive organs, all of them influenced by physiological events regulated by hormonal levels (Parra et al 1999, Cole et al 2002.Hormones play a major role in regulating protein synthesis in the reproductive tissues of insects, including Lepidoptera (Sorge et al 2000), and the possibility to alter the reproductive capacity of adults by feeding them hormone analogs, such as the ecdysteroid agonist tebufenozide, has been exploited (Smagghe & Degheele 1994).The objectives of this study were to verify if adults of P. operculella feed on sugar solutions and the effect of sugar consumption on their reproductive fi tness, as a step towards the development of hormone-based baits to control de reproductive capacity of this pest in fi eld conditions. …”

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Adult carbohydrate feeding affects reproduction of Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

Jordão¹,

Nakano²,

Janeiro³

2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Reproduction of most insects depend on nutrients accumulated during the larval stage, but many lepidopteran species will also depend on nutrients obtained at the adult stage. Feeding at the adult stage allows the intake of carbohydrate and amino acid rich solutions, which may have an effect on the species reproduction and population growth. The objectives of the current study were to characterize the effects of sugar consumption by adults of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), on its reproduction. To initially test the food intake by adults, a 10% honey solution or water (control), both containing a liquid dye were offered to adult insects 24h after emergence, and the presence of the dye was observed by analysis of their digestive system. The effects of adult feeding on a 10% honey solution on the reproductive performance of P. operculella were evaluated by assessing the oviposition rate, fecundity and fertility. Adult feeding was proved by the presence of the dye within the digestive system of adults of P. operculella. Although the oviposition rate and fertility were not affected by adult feeding, female fecundity was higher in honey-fed females as compared to the water-fed females.KEY WORDS: Color dye, digestive system, ovarian development, reproductive systemThe potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller), is considered one of the main causes of potato losses during harvesting and storage. The pest is present all year round and its larvae damage the leaves, twigs and tubers. It is also a pest to several other cultivated Solanaceae species, such as eggplant, pepper, tobacco and tomato (Filgueira 2003a, b). According to Pratissoli et al (2003), the adults oviposit generally up to ten days after mating, and the adult life cycle may be extended to 43 days, with females surviving for longer periods.Although food resources for reproduction of most insects depend on the nutrients accumulated during the larval stage, many lepidopteran species show feeding habits in the adult stage (Chapman 1998). Food intake at the adult stage allows the utilization of carbohydrate and amino acid rich solutions which may be necessary to complete the development of the reproductive system. In the fi eld, fl ower nectar is the main carbohydrate source, although there may be other sources, such as the extrafl oral nectar and hemipteran honeydew (Romeis & Wäckers 2002). No information on how P. operculella ingests carbohydrate-rich sources is available. It is assumed that, as in other species of the same order, sugar ingestion by adults comes mainly from the nectar of fl owers.Several techniques for insect marking are utilized in ecological studies. They play fundamental roles in fi eld assays, such as dispersion analyses, capture and recapture and in nutritional and phenological studies. These techniques include the use of fl uorescent markers or dyes, which allow easier identifi cation, but in addition they must have the lowest possible infl uence over the performed studies (Hagler & Jackson 2001)...

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“…Para Macedo (2002), cada câmara deve conter 30 fêmeas e 45 machos, e, diariamente, devem-se eliminar os indivíduos mortos e, nunca colocar novos adultos em câmaras velhas para completar o número deles. De acordo com Parra et al (1999), a broca da cana-de-açúcar não necessita de carboidratos na sua alimentação, já que insetos, alimentados apenas com água, colocam número de ovos iguais ou superiores.…”

Section: Sala De Postura A)unclassified

PRODUÇÃO DO PARASITÓIDE Cotesia flavipes (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) PARA CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DA BROCA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (Diatraea saccharalis) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)

Diniz

Rodrigues

Rossi

2008

Nucleus

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resuMo: Desde a introdução do parasitóide larval Cotesia flavipes no Brasil em 1971, pesquisas foram desenvolvidas para se obter os melhores métodos de criação massal, em laboratório, visando ao controle da praga mais importante da cultura da cana de açúcar, a broca da cana-de-açúcar (Diatraea saccharalis). Compilaram-se, neste trabalho, os atuais métodos de produção massal de Cotesia flavipes, bem como, as salas necessárias em um laboratório de controle biológico, com os ambientes favoráveis para criação e manutenção do hospedeiro (Diatraea saccharalis) e do parasitóide (Cotesia flavipes), durante todo o ano. Discutiu-se ainda a necessidade do controle de qualidade dentro da criação massal de insetos benéficos, sendo a contaminação por patógenos um dos maiores obstáculos para se conseguir um produto de qualidade e que tenha desempenho desejável no campo.Palavras chave: Laboratório de Controle biológico. Produção massal. Inimigo natural. ProduCtioN of Parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (HYMeNoPtera:BraCoNidae) for BiologiCal CoNtrol of sugarCaNe Borer (Diatraea saccharalis) (lePidoPtera: CraMBidae) suMMarY: Since the introduction of Cotesia flavipes (larval parasitoid) in Brazil, in 1971, researches has been developed to obtain the best laboratorial methods of massal rearing, aiming the most important plague control in sugarcane, the sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis. The actual methods of massal rearing of Cotesia flavipes were verified in this work, as well as the rooms needed in a biological control laboratory, with the propitious environment to rear and maintain host (Diatraea saccharalis) and parasitoid (Cotesia flavipes) during all the year. This work also discuss the necessity of a quality control in the beneficial insects massal rearing, as the pathogen contamination is one of the highest obstacle to get a quality product with desirable performance in field.

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Efeito da nutrição de adultos e da umidade na fecundidade de Diatraea saccharalis (Fabr.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

Cited by 26 publications

References 9 publications

Biologia e exigências térmicas de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Biologia e exigências térmicas de Spodoptera cosmioides (Walk.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Adult carbohydrate feeding affects reproduction of Phthorimaea operculella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

PRODUÇÃO DO PARASITÓIDE Cotesia flavipes (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) PARA CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DA BROCA DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR (Diatraea saccharalis) (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE)

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