Efeitos de classe na desigualdade racial no Brasil

Santos, José Alcides Figueiredo

doi:10.1590/s0011-52582005000100003

Cited by 31 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the last two decades Latin American policymakers, census bureaus, and scholars of inequality are turning to the more categorical language of race (Santos 2005;Bailey 2008;Paschel 2010;Loveman 2014). At the same time the United States has adopted mixed-race classification and has grown ever more diverse through immigration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, color, and income inequality across the Americas

Bailey¹,

Saperstein²,

Penner³

2014

DemRes

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Race, color, and income inequality across the Americas

Bailey¹,

Saperstein²,

Penner³

2014

DemRes

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“…Classes, nesse sentido, seriam relevantes porque permitiriam classificar os indivíduos de acordo com suas chances de vida, e, desse modo, sustentariam análises sobre as "desigualdades duráveis" e seus mecanismos institucionais de reprodução (Tilly 1999). Além disso, a utilização das classes em estudos sobre desigualdade de renda permitiria reconhecer a presença de "fraturas estruturais" na distribuição de rendimentos da população estudada, corrigindo assim certas deficiências de alguns modelos econométricos (Santos 2005). Na próxima seção exploraremos o "esquema de classes" que iremos utilizar neste trabalho, para então, na seção subsequente, realizarmos a análise empírica.…”

Section: Diferentes Maneiras De Se Analisar As Desigualdadesunclassified

Distribuição de renda no Brasil entre 2002 e 2013: Redução das desigualdades entre classes?

Salata

2022

Lat. American Res. Rev.

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Desde o início do presente século, mudanças significativas ocorreram em relação à distribuição de renda na sociedade brasileira, que recentemente apresentou queda das desigualdades e crescimento das faixas intermediárias de rendimento. Com base nesta informação, junto ao crescimento econômico ocorrido no período, a interpretação mais conhecida a respeito dessas recentes mudanças no Brasil é aquela que afirmava estarmos diante do crescimento da classe média. O objetivo deste artigo é aprofundar essa discussão, através do prisma sociológico. Procuramos, por meio dos microdados das Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios de 2002 a 2013, verificar a relação entre as recentes mudanças na distribuição de renda e a estrutura de classes no Brasil. Buscamos, assim, analisar se é possível encontrar modificações significativas no que se refere à desigualdade de rendimentos entre categorias sócio ocupacionais. Como resultado, apresentamos evidências de que, em vez de crescimento das camadas médias, seria mais correto falarmos em fortalecimento das classes assentadas no trabalho.Since the beginning of this century, significant changes occurred in relation to the distribution of income in Brazilian society, which recently has seen reduced inequality and middle income growth. On the basis of this information, alongside economic growth, the best-known interpretation of those changes in Brazil was the one that affirmed that the Brazilian middle class was enlarging. The main objective of this article is to deepen this discussion. Through microdata from 2002 to 2013 of the National Household Sample Surveys, we look at the relationship between recent changes in income distribution and class structure in Brazil. We analyze whether it is possible to identify significant changes in income inequality across socio-occupational categories. As a result, we present evidence that, rather than growth of the middle class, it is more correct to speak of a more affluent working class.Recentemente, desde o início deste século, mudanças significativas ocorreram em relação à distribuição de renda na sociedade brasileira (Barros et al. 2010). Apesar de o país ainda poder ser caracterizado por seu elevado e histórico nível de desigualdades, desde 2001 o coeficiente de Gini vinha caindo continuadamente, alcançando os menores valores das últimas três décadas, e a renda dos mais pobres crescia de forma substantiva, acarretando um declínio dos níveis de pobreza e miséria. Com base em indicadores socioeconômicos como estes, estejam eles relacionados à distribuição de renda e/ou à diminuição de pobreza, é possível afirmar que nesse período identificamos melhorias significativas para uma grande parte da população brasileira.

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“…In this sense, classes are relevant since they allow individuals to be distinguished according to their life chances and thus enable analyses of enduring inequalities and their mechanisms of reproduction (Tilly, 1999). As a result, the use of classes in studies of income inequality allows us to recognize the presence of structural fractures in the income distribution of the studied population, thereby correcting certain deficiencies found in the econometric models (Figueiredo Santos, 2005).…”

Section: Article | André Salatamentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities and the Brazilian New Democracy: Income Distribution Between Classes in Recent Decades

Salata

2016

Sociol. Antropol.

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The final years of military government in Brazil were marked by a growing expectation that the transition to the democratic regime would be able -or sufficient -to eliminate the main problems afflicting Brazilian society, including poverty, corruption, violence, the quality and reach of public services, inflation, inequalities, and so on (Fausto, 1994). However, the recent literature on Brazil -whether in Sociology, Political Science or Economics, or even the reports circulating in the mass media over recent years -contains strong evidence that, despite the advances achieved in some areas over the last thirty years, many challenges need to be met still for these expectations to become concrete.In this article, I focus specifically on the question of income inequalities, evaluating whether the labour-based income gap between classes in Brazil has shrunk over the last few decades and, if so, how these might be explained.One of the most widely recognized aspects of Brazilian society is its high level of income inequalities, meaning that for many years the country has been ranked among those nations with the highest income disparities in the world (Barros et al., 2001). This phenomenon has already been -and continues to be -widely studied by the specialized literature, which has observed a strong tendency for these inequalities to be reproduced, a trend maintained for decades at a very high level. On the other hand, though still running at a high level, some measures of inequality have begun to fall over recent years. This is the case of the GINI coefficient, for instance, which has fallen continusociol. antropol. | rio de janeiro, v.06.01: 181 -208, abril, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2238-38752016v618 182 inequalities and the brazilian new democracy sociol. antropol. | rio de janeiro, v.06.01: 181 -208, abril, 2016 ously over the last decade, reaching the lowest values since it first started to be measured in the country (Barros et al., 2010).These more conventional measures of inequalities, like the GINI index, present a number of limitations, however, which will be discussed more closely over the course of the article. For now I simply observe that they lack the capacity to measure what have become known as 'enduring inequalities' (Tilly, 1999): in other words, the kinds of structured and institutionalized inequalities that tend to be reproduced over the long term and are manifested between socially significant groups and categories. In this article, therefore, I shall analyse the income inequalities between classes -rather than individuals.My interest resides in analysing the pattern of inequalities in labour income between classes in the period from 1995 to 2013. Consequently, the starting point for this study will be the moment following stabilization of the currency (the Plano Real) and also political stabilization, namely the first year of the Fernando Henrique Cardoso government (PSDB), the first directly elected president after the military regime to conclude his mandate. The period analysed will ...

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Efeitos de classe na desigualdade racial no Brasil

Cited by 31 publications

References 12 publications

Race, color, and income inequality across the Americas

Race, color, and income inequality across the Americas

Distribuição de renda no Brasil entre 2002 e 2013: Redução das desigualdades entre classes?

Inequalities and the Brazilian New Democracy: Income Distribution Between Classes in Recent Decades

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