Efeitos do ultra-som terapêutico sobre o crescimento longitudinal do fêmur e da tíbia em ratos

Abstract

Objectives: To determine the effects of ultrasound therapy on the femur and tibia growth in young rats. Method: Four-weekold male Ratus Norvegicus totaling 115 animals, divided into four groups, were submitted to ultrasound therapy (0.8 MHz, fixed tube head, continuous pulse, for 10 minutes, once a day, ten times) on the medial face of the right knee, with powers of 0.0 W/cm2 (group G1), 0.5 W/cm2 (group G2), 1.0 W/cm2 (group G3), and 1.5 W/cm2 (group G4). Histological slides of the epiphysis, growth plate and metaphysis and the femoral and tibial length measurements were studied in the sixth, thirteenth and twenty-sixth weeks of life. The data were submitted to factorial analysis of variance according to a one-way layout. Results: No statistically significant bone growth alteration was established between any of the three treated groups and the control group. However, alterations in femoral and tibial growth suggesting a decrease in G4 in relation to G2 and G3 were noted. In G4, histopathological alterations, such as cellular necrosis and post-necrosis bone neoformation were found. Conclusion: According to this study, no statistical evidence of bone growth stimulus or inhibition resulting from the application of ultrasound therapy was found when comparing the treated groups with the control group. Histological alterations regarded as pathological were only observed in G4. Also, smaller significant bone growth was found in G4 compared to G2 and G3. Level of Evidence: Level II, cross-sectional study.

Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Growth Plates: A Systematic Review

“…In the study by Barreto et al, 15 on the histologic examination of animals, which received lower doses (0.5 and 1 W/cm 2 ) of ultrasound, nonsignificant changes were observed, similar to the control group, including irregularities and gaps in the proliferative zone, and chondrocyte and bone neoformation. However, in the group treated with the highest dose (1.5 W/cm 2 ), bone necrosis, granulation tissue, and neutrophilic infiltration were reported.…”

“…After multiple rounds of exclusion, 8 studies were included in the final analysis (Figure 1). [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]…”

“…Therapeutic ultrasound protocol and technique were heterogeneous among studies. Four studies used continuous ultrasound, 15,16,18,22 and 3 used pulsed ultrasound. 17,19,21 In the study by Wiltink et al, 20 both protocols were used.…”

“…Others treated participants for 8 to 28 sessions in total. Six studies were performed on growth plates around the stifle joint (equivalent to the knee in humans), 15,16,18,19,21,22 1 on the distal radius and ulna, 17 and 1 on metatarsal growth (Table 2). 20…”

Histological changes caused by continuous ultrasonic waves of 01 MHz on the epiphyseal disk of murine tibia

“…O disco epifisário apresentou-se maior no grupo do parâmetro máximo (0,5 w/cm 2 ) do que no grupo controle, evidenciando-se assim o efeito das ondas ultrassônicas sobre a morfologia do disco epifisário, aumentando seu comprimento. Estes resultados concordam com as observações feitas por Barreto et al, 13 que sugeriram que os grupos tratados com intensidades de 0,5 e 1,0 w/cm 2 poderiam ter uma tendência de estímulo ao crescimento do osso. Porém, estes dados diferem dos resultados encontrados por Santos et al 5 nos grupos tratados com ultrassom contínuo de 1w/cm 2 e 2 w/cm 2 por 5 min e 3 min, que concluíram que o ultrassom prejudica o crescimento ósseo, apesar de naquele trabalho a intensidade ser menor (0,5 w/cm 2 ) quando comparada à pesquisa de Santos et al 5 Considerando-se separadamente as zonas constitutivas do disco epifisário verifica-se a interferência patente do ultrassom na zona proliferativa, que é caracterizada pela proliferação, divisão e multiplicação de novos condrócitos que se agrupam nos grupos isógenos.…”