Effect mechanisms of ultrahigh-frequency radiation on biological objects

Abstract

The article discusses the effect of microwave radiation on the seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). The aim of the research is to increase the efficiency of pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Ultra-high-frequency radiation (UHF) radiation, allowing one to increase the standard planting material yield and reduce its cultivation time. The specificity of enzyme systems for stressing effects is revealed, the dynamics of their change in the period after irradiation is ambiguous and depends on the time of irradiation. The stimulating and lethal doses of radiation are determined. The results show seed treatment with stimulating doses causes reversible changes in the structure and function of enzymes. The regularities and model of the impact of UHF radiation as a stimulating factor on seed viability are established. When exposed to stress factors (radiation), an increase in the activity of enzymes is observed, leading to the excitation or inhibition of growth processes at the first stages of development. As a result, a stimulating effect arises – the germination of seeds increases, the growth of seedlings in height increases, or depressing – the germination decreases and the growth of seedlings slows down.

Microwave Control of Reynoutria japonica Houtt., Including Ecotoxicological Aspects and the Resveratrol Content in Rhizomes

“…That could have impacted, among other factors, the amount of resveratrol. According to Korablev et al [ 39 ], at high temperatures, there is hyperfluidity of plant tissue membranes, leading to the outflow of ions, further reducing the activity of many enzymes. A significant reduction in resveratrol in Japanese knotweed rhizomes can also be explained by the degradation of polyphenolic compounds under the influence of high temperatures.…”

Condition of Young Japanese Knotweed (Reynoutria japonica Houtt.) Offshoots in Response to Microwave Radiation of Their Rhizomes

“…In turn, the high tissue temperature during rhizome treatment probably caused protein denaturation and tissue decomposition of the knotweed, which further resulted in the excretion and accumulation of sap in the rhizomes. According to Korablev et al [40], plant tissue membranes become hyperfluid at high temperatures, leading to the outflow of ions from cells, which reduces the activity of many enzymes. High temperature also causes water loss in cells.…”

“…Then, a total of eight pieces of previously cut rhizomes were weighed collectively on a laboratory scale (manufacturer: RADWAG, Radom, PL) (Figure 2) and then treated with an open stream of microwave radiation from a specially constructed antenna at times of 5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55, or 60 s. The antenna was a microwave emitter consisting of a magnetron generating electromagnetic waves with a frequency of 2450 MHz and a power of 800 W. The average surface power density for the dimensions of the antenna was 30 kW•m −2 [23]. Immediately after microwaving, the knotweed rhizomes were weighed again on a laboratory scale with an accuracy of 0.1 g.…”

Preliminary Study of Control and Biochemical Characteristics of Giant Hogweed (Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden.) Treated with Microwaves

“…Under high-temperature conditions, over-fluidity of membranes appears, leading to an outflow of ions. Ion efflux leads to a reduction in the activity of many enzymes [58]. The most susceptible physiological process under microwave treatment is photosynthesis [54,55].…”