Effect of a 4-week detraining period followed by a 4-week strength program on isokinetic strength in elite youth soccer players

Samolis, Vassilis; Michailidis, Yiannis; Mandroukas, Athanasios; Mikikis, Dimitrios; Gissis, Ioannis; Metaxas, Thomas

doi:10.12965/jer.1836538.269

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…All of the above studies were performed including adult soccer players in contrast with our study where the participants were young soccer players. Unlike in our study, other authors reported that after 4 weeks of detraining there were no significant differences in body mass between the measurements of youth soccer players (Vassilis et al, 2019). In addition, one study reported non-significant differences in body mass and the BMI between the initial and final measurement of young soccer players after 6 weeks of detraining (Melchiorri et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Fitness During the Off-Season Period in Young Soccer Players

et al. 2020

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The aim of this research was to examine the effects of a 6-week off-season period on body composition and muscle fitness in young soccer players. A total of 48 young soccer players, randomly selected for the experimental group-EG (n=24; Age: 16.83±1.14 years; Height: 175.35±6.68 cm) and control group-CG (n=24; Age: 16.80±1.19 years; Height: 178.18±6.97 cm) took part in this research. The variables of body composition (body mass, body fat mass and BMI) and muscle fitness (CMJ, CMJAS, 20m sprint, slalom test and slalom test with ball) were measured. The first testing session (TS1) took place immediately after the end of the competition period. The second testing session (TS2) was after 2 weeks and the third testing session (TS3) was after 6 weeks from the beginning of the preparation period. Statistically significant differences were found after TS2 and TS3 in all the variables (p<0.05) except in the variables of agility (slalom test and slalom test with a ball) in CG. A significant difference in the experimental group after TS2 was found in the 20m sprint (p<0.05) and after TS3 in body mass (p<0.05), body fat mass (p<0.05), BMI (p<0.05) and the 20m sprint (p<0.05). An effect size analysis showed significant increases after TS2 between EG and CG in the variable body fat mass (ES=-0.73, moderate) and significant decreases in the variable CMJAS (ES=0.60, moderate). Significant increases after TS3 between EG and CG were found in the variable body fat mass (ES=-0.93, moderate) and significant decreases in both the variable of jumping performance CMJ (ES=0.81, moderate) and CMJAS (ES=0.91, moderate).

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 84%

Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Fitness During the Off-Season Period in Young Soccer Players

et al. 2020

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“…Based on previous reports 11,12,23,39 , we suspected that histones need to be provided throughout DNA synthesis to avoid replication stress. Indeed, inducing the ISR by Thap or BEPP quickly reduced the levels of newly synthesized soluble histones, as marked by acetylation of lysine residue 56 on Histone-3 (H3K56ac) or lysine residues 5 or 12 on Histone-4 (H4K5ac or H4K12ac) 12,[40][41][42][43] , to a similar extent as upon CHX treatment ( Fig. 6a; Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Isr Activation Blocks the Synthesis Of Histones Required Formentioning

confidence: 70%

The integrated stress response induces R-loops and hinders replication fork progression

et al. 2020

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The integrated stress response (ISR) allows cells to rapidly shutdown most of their protein synthesis in response to protein misfolding, amino acid deficiency, or virus infection. These stresses trigger the phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2alpha, which prevents the initiation of translation. Here we show that triggering the ISR drastically reduces the progression of DNA replication forks within 1 h, thus flanking the shutdown of protein synthesis with immediate inhibition of DNA synthesis. DNA replication is restored by compounds that inhibit eIF2alpha kinases or re-activate eIF2alpha. Mechanistically, the translational shutdown blocks histone synthesis, promoting the formation of DNA:RNA hybrids (R-loops), which interfere with DNA replication. R-loops accumulate upon histone depletion. Conversely, histone overexpression or R-loop removal by RNaseH1 each restores DNA replication in the context of ISR and histone depletion. In conclusion, the ISR rapidly stalls DNA synthesis through histone deficiency and R-loop formation. We propose that this shutdown mechanism prevents potentially detrimental DNA replication in the face of cellular stresses.

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“…Vassilis et al 29 observed no significant effect on isokinectic strength results among young soccer players after 4 weeks of detraining. According to the authors, the athletes in this age range can hold the benefits of conditioning (neuromuscular adaptations) for a longer time compared to adults.…”

Section: Detraining Strength and Muscle Controlmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Increasing any of these properties raises strength levels during muscle contraction. These studies have highlighted the effect of the detraining on some of these factors and, then, in the muscle strength and power 21,27,28,29 .…”

Section: Detraining Strength and Muscle Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Covid-19 and Its Effect on Olympic Sport: The Importance of Studying Social Isolation and the Harm It Causes, in Order to Minimize It

Côrte

Camargo-Junior

Chalhub

et al. 2020

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the disease caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus, known as COVID-19, to be a pandemic. The sporting world, too, is suffering from the global effects of this disease, with the postponement or cancellation of competitions, including the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. As a proposal for containing the disease, social isolation was declared. Despite the importance of this measure, it was harmful for Olympic athletes, as they had to stay away from their training site and trainers, as well as their interdisciplinary teams. It is therefore important to study this harm caused, in order to minimize it. In general, it is believed that regular physical activity is associated with improved immune system functioning. The lack of training can therefore have significant consequences for the performance and health of the Olympic athlete. From the athlete's point of view, the impaired immune system, due to the reduced frequency of physical exercise, leaves them more vulnerable to contracting or developing infections or other diseases. The risk of harm due to the decreased performance of preventive works is also evident in this population. The reductions in training load and intensity can cause changes in the athlete's body composition and affect various aspects of cardiorespiratory fitness, as well as reducing strength levels and muscle potency. In relation to the athlete's mental health, two aspects are particularly challenging: isolation and uncertainty. Based on the possible harm caused by social isolation, the need is seen for a specific and joint work, in an attempt to minimize it. This work addresses the following topics: (I) context: transmission, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, discharge criteria, isolation and post-pandemic consequences; (II) harm and proposals: nutritional, physiological, biomechanical and psychological. Level of evidence II; Review Article.

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Effect of a 4-week detraining period followed by a 4-week strength program on isokinetic strength in elite youth soccer players

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Fitness During the Off-Season Period in Young Soccer Players

Changes in Body Composition and Muscle Fitness During the Off-Season Period in Young Soccer Players

The integrated stress response induces R-loops and hinders replication fork progression

Covid-19 and Its Effect on Olympic Sport: The Importance of Studying Social Isolation and the Harm It Causes, in Order to Minimize It

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