Effect of a Fish Oil Structured Lipid‐Based Diet on Prostaglandin Release From Mononuclear Cells in Cancer Patients After Surgery

Swails, Wendy S.; Kenler, Andrew; Driscoll, David F.; DeMichele, Stephen J.; Babineau, Timothy J.; Utsunamiya, Tohru; Chavali, S.R.; Forse, R. Armour; Bistrian, Bruce R.

doi:10.1177/0148607197021005266

Cited by 46 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…These included 9 RCTs (82,84,90,104,111,120,123,125,126) and 1 non-RCT (116) comparing nutritional support with routine care, 3 RCTs comparing EPA provided as either enriched ETF (102,124) or capsules (46) with routine care, and 15 RCTs comparing ETF with PN (76,80,83,85,86,90,93,98,103,112,115,117,118,122,127). One study provided data both for analysis of nutritional support vs. routine care, and ETF vs. PN (90).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority (n=23) utilised ETF, with only 4 studies using ONS (84,104) or a combination of oral and tube routes (46,82). The type of cancer varied; most (n=24) were gastrointestinal (46,76,80,(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)90,93,98,(102)(103)(104)111,112,115,117,118,120,(123)(124)(125)127), with 3 studies on patients with head/neck (116,126) and liver cancer (122).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the methodology of individual RCTs was generally judged to be poorly described or planned (with regard to methods of randomisation, blinding and recording the number of drop-outs) with only 7 studies (75,80,82,88,96,104,120) scoring the top grade of 5 on the Jadad scale (68). The remaining RCTs scored 4 (n=3; (46,101,124) Table II. Dietary intake and clinical outcomes; data used in the meta-analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dietary outcomes and anthropometry Meta-analysis of 2 RCTs, both using 7 days postoperative fish oil structured lipid-enriched ETF compared to standard ETF in gastrointestinal cancer patients reported no significant difference in total energy (17 kcal/day, 95% CI -151 to 186) or protein intake (-1.1 g/day, 95% CI -10.5 to 8.4) (102,124).…”

Section: Epa Supplementation (Capsules or Enriched Feeds) Vs No Epa mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: A systematic review

Elia

Schueren

Garvey³

et al. 2006

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the efficacy and potential benefits of enteral nutritional support [oral nutritional supplements (ONS) or enteral tube feeding (ETF)], and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, free acid, ethyl esters or fish oil; provided as capsules or enriched ONS or ETF) in patients with cancer. Clinical studies were identified using electronic databases, and studies were selected according to predetermined criteria. For each treatment modality (chemo/radiotherapy, surgery, and palliative care), the comparisons of interest were nutritional support vs. routine care (no nutritional support), EPA supplement (capsule or enriched ONS or ETF) vs. routine care (no supplement or standard supplement), ETF vs. parenteral nutrition (PN). The reviewed outcomes were dietary intake, anthropometry, clinical (mortality, length of hospital stay, complications, and quality of life) and haematological/biochemical (white blood cell count, serum transferrin and albumin, CD3-positive lymphocytes, and inflammatory markers). Meta-analyses were performed where possible. In patients undergoing radiotherapy, meta-analysis showed that ONS significantly increase dietary intake (381 kcal/day, 95% CI 193 to 569 in 3 RCTs) compared to routine care. In patients undergoing surgery, meta-analyses showed that ETF results in a significantly shorter length of hospital stay (1.72 fewer days, 95% CI 0.90 to 2.54 in 8 RCTs), lower incidence of any complications (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.77 in 4 RCTs) and infectious complications (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.82 in 11 RCTs) and lower sepsis scores (2.21 points, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.92 in 2 RCTs), but no difference in mortality (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.40 to 1.29 in 7 RCTs) compared to PN. There was also no difference in mortality between ONS or ETF vs. routine care in patients undergoing chemotherapy/radiotherapy (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.62-1.61 in 4 RCTs) or surgery (OR 2.44, 95% CI 0.75 to 7.95 in 4 RCTs). Individual studies of EPA supplementation as capsules showed improvements in survival, complications and inflammatory markers in patients undergoing bone marrow transplant (BMT). In palliative care patients receiving EPA-enriched ONS or capsules, there were inconsistent positive effects on survival and quality of life. In those undergoing surgery, EPA-enriched ETF had no effect. Further research is required to elucidate the clinical efficacy of enteral nutrition support, including the potential benefits of EPA supplementation, in patients with cancer.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epa Supplementation (Capsules or Enriched Feeds) Vs No Epa mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: A systematic review

Elia

Schueren

Garvey³

et al. 2006

Int J Oncol

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“…Corn oil and soybean oil used in enteral formulas provide longchain triglycerides (LCT), while coconut and palm oil provide medium-chain triglycerides (MCT). These products have a favorable effect on: 1) growth, differentiation and function of lymphocytes, macrophages and granulocytes; 2) release of trophic hormones or growth factors; 3) function of NK cells; 4) IL-2 synthesis; 5) improvement of mesenteric blood flow; 6) reduction of skeletal and visceral muscle proteolysis; 7) prevention of bacterial translocation; 8) reduction in the frequency and severity of infectious complications and 9) shortening hospital stay (42). Fatty acids are thus formed providing a basic substrate for the colonic mucosa.…”

Section: Nutritional Supportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Counseling on Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Dobrila-Dintinjana¹,

Trivanović²,

Dintinjana³

et al. 2012

Colorectal Cancer - From Prevention to Patient Care

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Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review—Correction

2006

JAMA

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TUDIES SHOW THAT TISSUE LEVels of arachadonic acid-and eicosopentaenoic acid (EPA)derived eicosanoids influence many physiological processes, including calcium transport across cell membranes, angiogenesis, apoptosis, cell proliferation, and immune cell function. 1-4 These processes are integral to the immune system and hence the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and asthma, as well as cancer. Epidemiological studies have suggested that groups of people who consume diets high in omega-3 fatty acids may experience a lower prevalence of some types of cancer, 5-8 and many small trials have attempted to assess the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cancer treatment by adding omega-3 fatty acid to the diet either as omega-3 fatty acid-rich foods or as dietary supplements. 9-22 In addition, dietary omega-3 fatty acids have been found to modulate mammary tumor formation and proliferation in rodents. 23 In response to this evidence, a number of omega-3 fatty acid-containing dietary supplements have appeared on the market claiming to protect against the development of a variety of conditions including cancer. To assess the va-Author Affiliations are listed at the end of this article.

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Effect of a Fish Oil Structured Lipid‐Based Diet on Prostaglandin Release From Mononuclear Cells in Cancer Patients After Surgery

Cited by 46 publications

References 27 publications

Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: A systematic review

Enteral (oral or tube administration) nutritional support and eicosapentaenoic acid in patients with cancer: A systematic review

Effects of Dietary Counseling on Patients with Colorectal Cancer

Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review—Correction

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