Effect of a high protein diet and/or resistance exercise on the preservation of fat free mass during weight loss in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial

Verreijen, A.M.; Engberink, M.F.; Memelink, R.G.; Plas, S.E. van der; Visser, Marjolein; Weijs, P.J.M.

doi:10.1186/s12937-017-0229-6

Cited by 80 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Recent studies focused more on dietary supplements for antioxidant use in skeletal muscles 18 – 22 . Much concern has been taken about the effect of high-protein diets on obesity 23 – 25 and muscle strength enhancement 26 – 28 . However, little is known about the impact of dietary proteins from different sources on the oxidative status of muscles at a recommended intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative and anti-oxidative status in muscle of young rats in response to six protein diets

Zhu¹,

Xiao²,

Hao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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We investigated the impact of six protein diets on oxidation and anti-oxidation status in the muscle of young rats. Rats were fed six protein diets for 14 days, including casein (control), and proteins isolated from soy, fish, chicken, pork and beef. Grx1, Trx1 and other oxidative metabolic indices in muscle were quantified. Compared with the casein diet, the soy protein diet had a similar oxidation level, but higher GSH and lower SOD activities. The chicken and fish protein groups had lower GSH and higher SOD activities, the pork protein group showed lower Grx1 levels than the casein group and the beef protein group showed the highest GSH, Grx1 and Trx1 levels as reflected by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry analyses. Intake of meat proteins showed higher ROS and T-AOC but lower MDA levels than non-meat proteins, which may be due to the increase in Grx1 and Trx1 expression and other antioxidants. Meat proteins are more conducive to muscle of growing rats.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative and anti-oxidative status in muscle of young rats in response to six protein diets

Zhu¹,

Xiao²,

Hao

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The addition of exercise to a hypocaloric diet did not yield significantly greater weight losses than a hypocaloric diet alone . When energy intakes were equal, increasing the protein content above 0.9 g/kg/d or changing protein source did not result in any differences in weight or lean mass loss, nor did changing the glycaemic index of the carbohydrates . In studies where older and younger participants were compared in terms of weight loss efficacy on the same diet intervention, older participants lost more weight than younger participants .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Treatment of obesity in older persons—A systematic review

Haywood

Sumithran

2019

Obesity Reviews

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The study aims to systematically review the available evidence regarding weight loss interventions (lifestyle, surgical, and pharmacological) for obesity in adults aged over 60 years. A search of prospective, randomized studies took place in January 2018, on Medline (Web of Science) and PubMed databases. Search terms included the following: elderly, obese, hypocaloric, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. Abstracts were screened for eligibility. A total of 256 publications regarding lifestyle interventions were identified; of these, 69 studies were eligible. As no eligible studies were identified for pharmacotherapy or bariatric surgery, the search was broadened to include non-randomized studies. Four pharmacotherapy and 66 surgery studies were included. Lifestyle intervention had similar weight loss efficacy in older compared with younger people, with positive effects on a number of relevant outcomes, including physical function and cardiovascular parameters. There was little data regarding obesity pharmacotherapy in older persons. The available data for bariatric surgery indicate comparable weight loss and resolution of type 2 diabetes, with similar or slightly higher complication rates in older compared with younger people. Older age alone should not be considered a contraindication to intensive lifestyle or surgical intervention for obesity. There are insufficient data to guide clinical decisions regarding obesity pharmacotherapy in older people. Abstract] OR RCT [Title/Abstract] OR randomly [Title/Abstract] OR random [Title/Abstract]) #1 Search ((obesity [Title/Abstract] OR obese [Title/Abstract] OR "weight loss"[Title/Abstract] OR "weight reduction"[Title/ Abstract])) AND (elderly [Title/Abstract] OR older [Title/ Abstract] OR geriatric [Title/Abstract]) HAYWOOD AND SUMITHRAN 589

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“…To investigate a possible diet-exercise interaction, the participants were placed into 4 groups based on their self-reported exercise routines (type and frequency) during the 4-week time-restricted eating intervention (Table 3). Group 1 -non-exercisers: participants that exercised ˂3 times per week (n = 6, Participants = 2, 7, 9, 13, 17, and 19); Group 2endurance exercisers: participants that endurance trained >3 times per week (n = 2, Participants = 3 and 4), Group 3 -strength exercisers: participants that strength trained >3 times per week (n = 5, Participants = 3, 4, 5, 10, 21), and Group 4endurance-strength: participants that did similar amounts of endurance and strength training >3 times per week (n = 7, Participants = 1, 11,12,15,18,20,22). The strength-training group (Group 3) experienced a significant decrease in fat mass of 0.7 kg + 1 kg and no significant lean mass loss following the 4-week intervention ( Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, strength trainers eat more protein typically in an attempt to maintain and/or build lean mass making this is another variable, although unclear, that could affect fat mass. Recent research suggests that combining protein with resistance exercise is beneficial for fat free mass preservation during weight loss [11,12]. Thus, diet and exercise routines need to be controlled in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Restricted Eating In Women - A Pilot Study

2017

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Background: There is a growing interest in intermittent fasting as a method of body fat loss. However, research on time-restricted eating, a type of intermittent fasting, is more limited. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of time-restricted eating on fat mass in women. Methods: 20 healthy, young (21.3 years ± 1.2 years), body mass stable (± 2.27 kg in the past 6 months) women completed a 4-week time-restricted eating study. During the intervention, participants restricted their daily food intake to an 8-hour period, i.e., between 1200 to 2000 hours. Changes in fat mass and body mass were assessed via densitometry (Bod Pod®). Hunger, satisfaction, fullness, and adherence were assessed on a weekly basis by self-report. Results: A 0.6 kg ± 1 kg decrease in body mass occurred after the 4 weeks (p = 0.015, n = 20) but changes in fat mass were non-significant. Women who performed strength training during the study experienced a 0.7 kg ± 0.5 kg decrease in fat mass (p = 0.037, n = 5). Overall protocol adherence was high (>5.5 d/wk) throughout the intervention. Hunger, satisfaction, and fullness remained constant over the study. Conclusions: Participants seemed to adapt to the time-restricted eating regime quickly and were able to sustain it over a 4-week period. Body mass and fat mass losses were small overall; however, some individuals responded substantially. Perhaps a longer intervention is needed to produce consistency. Time-restricted eating appears to have potential as a fat loss strategy; however, no definitive conclusions can be made regarding its effectiveness at present. More research is needed.

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Effect of a high protein diet and/or resistance exercise on the preservation of fat free mass during weight loss in overweight and obese older adults: a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 80 publications

References 28 publications

Oxidative and anti-oxidative status in muscle of young rats in response to six protein diets

Oxidative and anti-oxidative status in muscle of young rats in response to six protein diets

Treatment of obesity in older persons—A systematic review

Time-Restricted Eating In Women - A Pilot Study

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