Effect of a Killer Toxin of Yeast on Eucaryotic Systems

Pfeiffer, Péter; Radler, F.; Caspritz, Gert; Hänel, H.

doi:10.1128/aem.54.4.1068-1069.1988

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Here, the exclusion of a cytotoxic effect by the killer toxins tested, assessed on human intestinal epithelial cells [ 29 ], suggests their possible safe use in food production after the necessary validation of the formulations. Therefore, in agreement with the safety of the yeast killer toxin on animal systems [ 30 ], our results are compatible with the hypothesis that, in the tested concentrations, the three killer toxins should not represent a potential health risk for human consumption.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparative Zymocidial Effect of Three Different Killer Toxins against Brettanomyces bruxellensis Spoilage Yeasts

Agarbati

Ciani

Esin

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Three killer toxins that were previously investigated, one excreted by Kluyveromyces wickerhamii and two by different strains of Wickerhamomyces anomalus, were produced at the pilot scale, lyophilized and characterized, and the formulates were assessed for their zymocidial effect against Brettanomyces bruxellensis spoilage yeast. A comparative analysis allowed the evaluation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against a sensitive strain. Fungicidal and fungistatic concentrations were used to evaluate the cytocidal effect using a cytofluorimetric approach that confirmed the lethal effect of all lyophilized formulates against B. bruxellensis spoilage yeasts. Moreover, the potential killer toxins’ cytotoxicity against human intestinal cells (Caco-2) were evaluated to exclude any possible negative effect on the consumers. Finally, the effective lethal effect of all three lyophilized killer toxins toward B. bruxellensis sensitive strain were tested. The results indicated that all of them acted without dangerous effects on the human epithelial cells, opening the way for their possible commercial application. In particular, D15 showed the lowest MIC and the highest activity, was evaluated also in wine, revealing a strong reduction of Brettamonyces yeast growth and, at the same time, a control of ethyl phenols production.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Comparative Zymocidial Effect of Three Different Killer Toxins against Brettanomyces bruxellensis Spoilage Yeasts

Agarbati

Ciani

Esin

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Conversely, no effect of a killer toxin produced by a strain of S. cerevisiae, a yeast used in beverage production, was observed in several animal model systems, even when the yeast was present at concentrations higher than expected in the beverages. In addition, because of its lability, S. cerevisiae killer toxin is unlikely to represent a hazard when consumed orally (279).…”

Section: Experimental Enterotoxicity Of Yeast Killer Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Yeast killer systems

et al. 1997

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The killer phenomenon in yeasts has been revealed to be a multicentric model for molecular biologists, virologists, phytopathologists, epidemiologists, industrial and medical microbiologists, mycologists, and pharmacologists. The surprisingly widespread occurrence of the killer phenomenon among taxonomically unrelated microorganisms, including prokaryotic and eukaryotic pathogens, has engendered a new interest in its biological significance as well as its theoretical and practical applications. The search for therapeutic opportunities by using yeast killer systems has conceptually opened new avenues for the prevention and control of life-threatening fungal diseases through the idiotypic network that is apparently exploited by the immune system in the course of natural infections. In this review, the biology, ecology, epidemiology, therapeutics, serology, and idiotypy of yeast killer systems are discussed.

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“…Much attention has been paid to the production of killer toxins in yeasts (10,16,17). However, this phenomenon is probably irrelevant for the competition studies presented here.…”

Section: }mentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition for glucose between the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis

Postma

Kuiper

Tomasouw

et al. 1989

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The competition between the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae CBS 8066 and Candida utilis CBS 621 for glucose was studied in sugar-limited chemostat cultures. Under aerobic conditions, C. utilis always successfully completed against S. cerevisiae. Only under anaerobic conditions did S. cerevisiae become the dominant species. The rationale behind these observations probably is that under aerobic glucose-limited conditions, high-affinity glucose/proton symporters are present in C. utilis, whereas in S. cerevisiae, glucose transport occurs via facilitated diffusion with low-affinity carriers. Our results explain the frequent occurrence of infections by Crabtree-negative yeasts during bakers' yeast production.

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Effect of a Killer Toxin of Yeast on Eucaryotic Systems

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Comparative Zymocidial Effect of Three Different Killer Toxins against Brettanomyces bruxellensis Spoilage Yeasts

Comparative Zymocidial Effect of Three Different Killer Toxins against Brettanomyces bruxellensis Spoilage Yeasts

Yeast killer systems

Competition for glucose between the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida utilis

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