Effect of a magnetic water treatment on homogeneous and heterogeneous precipitation of calcium carbonate

Alimi, Fathi; Mohamed, Tlili; Gabrielli, C.; Maurin, G.; Mohamed, Ben Amor

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.03.013

Cited by 205 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This hardness can be considered as moderate by comparison with the values used by many authors [6][7][8][9]. The pH of solution resulting from this preparation was about 6.4.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Gabrielli [6] found the increasing of the precipitation of CaCO 3 up to 25 % when the flow circulation still running, while using the same system, Fathi [7] found the increasing of the precipitation of CaCO 3 after the circulation has already completed. According to Fathi, the difference of the result is caused by the difference of analysis method that they used.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Fathi [7] have found that the saturation level of 500 ppm CaCO 3 solution at pH 7.5 is 15 times than its solubility.…”

Section: Caco 3 Precipitation During Magnetization and Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of magnetic field that appears after the magnetization process is known as magnetic memory effect. Fathi [7] thinks that the magnetic field causes the ion bonding process to form cluster (pre-nucleation stage) as the result of the existence of ions electrostatic that has been exposed with magnetic field. As the solute CO 2 looses free and the pH of solution increases, the solution super-saturation increases.…”

Section: Caco 3 Precipitation After Magnetization and Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

EFFECTS OF pH ON CALCIUM CARBONATE PRECIPITATION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD

Saksono¹,

Bismo²,

Soemantojo

et al. 2010

MST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnetic field effect on CaCO 3 precipitation is the key parameter in evaluating the effectiveness of Anti-scale Magnetic Treatment (AMT). The purpose of this study was to investigate magnetic fields influence on CaCO 3 precipitation in high and low super-saturated CaCO 3 solution by varied pH CaCO 3 solution using circulation flow fluid system. The observation results in the high super saturated solution (pH 8.5) showed the increase of precipited CaCO 3 in magnetized solutions compared to those in non-magnetic solution during circulation process. In the low super-saturated CaCO 3 solution (pH 6.4) it was found that magnetic treatment increased CaCO 3 precipitation after circulation process. In high super-saturated solution, magnetic field strengthens ion interactions, which reduce precipitation during circulation process. However, in low super-saturated CaCO 3 solution, magnetic field weakens hydrate ion interaction which indicated by decreasing of the conductivity of solution. It increases the precipitation of CaCO 3 after the circulation of magnetization process has completed.

show abstract

“…This hardness can be considered as moderate by comparison with the values used by many authors [6][7][8][9]. The pH of solution resulting from this preparation was about 6.4.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Fathi [7] have found that the saturation level of 500 ppm CaCO 3 solution at pH 7.5 is 15 times than its solubility.…”

Section: Caco 3 Precipitation During Magnetization and Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Caco 3 Precipitation After Magnetization and Circulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

EFFECTS OF pH ON CALCIUM CARBONATE PRECIPITATION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD

Saksono¹,

Bismo²,

Soemantojo

et al. 2010

MST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The correlation has been formulated as follows [10]: Figure 5 shows that the CaCO 3 precipitation increases with the increased circulation time both in magnetic (M) and non-magnetic treatments (NM). Figure 4 shows the magnetic field effect on the CaCO 3 precipitation increases as the addition of the circulation time.…”

Section: Circulation Timementioning

confidence: 99%

FORMATION OF CaCO3 PARTICLE AND CONDUCTIVITY OF Na2CO3 AND CaCl2 SOLUTION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD ON DYNAMIC FLUID SYSTEM

Saksono¹,

Bismo²,

Widaningroem³

et al. 2011

MST

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hard water causes the CaCO 3 scale formation on the pipe walls and heat exchanger equipments in industrial or domestic water processes. A great number of experimental researches on the prevention of the CaCO 3 precipitation process by magnetic field have been carried out. In this research, Na 2 CO 3 and CaCl 2 solutions was magnetized in the circulated flow condition (dynamic fluid system). The velocity of fluid and the circulation time was modified to examine its influences to the magnetization process. CaCO 3 content was measured by titration method of EDTA complexometry. Conductivity test was conducted to find out hydrate ion bonding. The results showed that magnetization increased the CaCO 3 formation and the optimum process reaches for 10 minutes circulation on 0.554 m/s of flow rate. Magnetic field decreases the conductivities of Na 2 CO 3 and CaCl 2 solution, hence reduced the ion hydrate bonding. These results showed that magnetization on Na 2 CO 3 and CaCl 2 ionic solution was effective in controlling the CaCO 3 formation by increasing CaCO 3 precipitation.

show abstract

Practical Assessment of Electronic Water Treatment for the Prevention of Fouling

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fouling or scaling, i.e., the occurrence of deposits on tubes, heat exchangers, and other devices, is a common problem in industrial and domestic processes. Many anti-fouling techniques exist, both chemically and non-chemically. The efficiency of non-chemical methods is still controversial, although the use of these devices is already widespread in industry. In this contribution, a case study is presented in which the operation of such a device is demonstrated. The electronic water treatment device under study was connected to a 2 m-long copper tube immersed in a water bath with a temperature of 65°C. A short-term experiment revealed that the device did not alter the water chemistry and that locally, fouling was prevented by the device. However, the potential for fouling further downstream was not reduced. A long-term experiment further confirmed the findings of the short-term experiment showing that locally, the device has an anti-fouling action as a significant increase in weight was observed when the device was switched off and a significant decrease in weight was observed when the device was switched on.

show abstract

Effect of a magnetic water treatment on homogeneous and heterogeneous precipitation of calcium carbonate

Cited by 205 publications

References 29 publications

EFFECTS OF pH ON CALCIUM CARBONATE PRECIPITATION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD

EFFECTS OF pH ON CALCIUM CARBONATE PRECIPITATION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD

FORMATION OF CaCO3 PARTICLE AND CONDUCTIVITY OF Na2CO3 AND CaCl2 SOLUTION UNDER MAGNETIC FIELD ON DYNAMIC FLUID SYSTEM

Practical Assessment of Electronic Water Treatment for the Prevention of Fouling

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About