Effect of a specific supplement enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolic status of ear, nose and throat cancer patients

Abstract

Abstract. Malnutrition affects 40-50% of patients with ear, nose and throat (ENT) cancer. The aim of this study was to assess changes induced by a specific nutritional supplement enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and greater amounts of proteins and electrolytes, as compared with a standard nutritional supplement, on markers of inflammation, oxidative stress and metabolic status of ENT cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy (RT). Fourteen days after starting RT, 26 patients were randomly allocated to one of two groups, 13 supplemented with Prosure ® , an oncologic formula enriched with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and greater amounts of proteins and electrolytes (specific supplement), and 13 supplemented with Standard-Isosource ® (standard supplement). Patients were evaluated before RT, and 14, 28 and 90 days after starting RT. The results showed that there were no significant differences between the groups, but greater changes were observed in the standard supplement group, such as a decline in body mass index (BMI), reductions in hematocrit, erythrocyte, eosinophil and albumin levels, and a rise in creatinine and urea levels. We concluded that metabolic, inflammatory and oxidative stress parameters were altered during RT, and began to normalize at the end of the study. Patients supplemented with Prosure showed an earlier normalization of these parameters, with more favorable changes in oxidative stress markers and a more balanced evolution, although the difference was not significant.

Lipid correlates of antidepressant response to omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation: A pilot study

“…PUFAs perform myriad physiological functions crucial to normal brain maturation and functioning, including: 1) activation of membrane receptors such as the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) α and γ, and G-protein coupled surface receptor 32 (GPR32), thereby modulating gene expression; 2) regulation of brain glucose uptake and glucose receptor (GLUT1) density; 3) modulation of the endocannabinoid system; 4) production of active pro- or anti-inflammatory metabolites, namely eicosanoids, leukotrienes, and docosanoids; and 5) incorporation into membrane phospholipids, thereby affecting membrane physico-chemical properties and functioning of membrane-bound proteins, such as ion channels and receptors (reviewed in [4–6]). Long-chain omega-3 PUFAs may have a role in neuroprotection due to their anti-oxidative [7–9], anti-inflammatory [10–12] and anti-apoptotic [13–15] properties.…”

Long-term effects of varying consumption of ω3 fatty acids in ear, nose and throat cancer patients: assessment 1 year after radiotherapy

“…The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the consumption of greater amounts of x3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in these patients. As we reported previously (Roca-Rodríguez et al, 2014), our patients consumed too low dosages of x3 fatty acids despite the use of nutritional supplements if compared with suggestions of guidelines (McClave, 2009). In that report, we evaluated the consumption of x3 fatty acids at different times with similar levels at baseline (before the first dose of RT) and 14 d after the first dose of RT.…”

Avaliação longitudinal dos ácidos graxos séricos durante tratamento oncológico na neoplasia de esôfago e estômago

“…Além das alterações metabólicas induzidas pela presença do tumor, o tratamento oncológico por si só pode desencadear alterações metabólicas, em particular aquelas relacionadas à resposta inflamatória (Machon et al, 2012;Roca-Rodríguez et al, 2014). A radioterapia altera a homeostase celular, modificando a sinalização de transdução e a disposição para apoptose (Borek, 2004).…”

“…A exposição à radiação inicia uma resposta molecular e celular a fim de promover o reparo tecidual, que inclui aumento na produção de citocinas pró-inflmatórias (Bechoua et al, 1999), implicadas na síndrome de anorexiacaqueixa (Peters, 1996). A radioterapia aumentou a proteína C reativa e a IL-6 em pacientes com neoplasia de orofaringe (Roca-Rodríguez et al, 2014).…”

“…Neste contexto, qualquer intervenção que diminua o estado inflamatório durante o tratamento oncológico é potencialmente benéfica no prognóstico. A partir dessa premissa, têm sido desenvolvidos inúmeros estudos com o uso de suplementos nutricionais enriquecidos com AGs polinsaturados n-3 a fim de reduzir a inflamação durante a quimio e a radioterapia (Machon et al, 2012;Roca-Rodríguez et al, 2014). Entretanto, os resultados obtidos em seres humanos nem sempre são concordantes.…”