Effect of Acute Cigarette Smoking on Endothelium-Dependent Brachial Artery Dilatation in Healthy Individuals

Lekakis, John; Papamichael, Christos; Vemmos, Costas; Nanas, John N.; Kontoyannis, Dimitrios A.; Stamatelopoulos, Stamatios; Moulopoulos, Spyridon

doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(96)00805-3

Cited by 109 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, alcohol intake (chronic and recent) was not measured, and alcohol is known to inhibit PA. [47][48][49] Given the higher amount of alcohol consumption among smokers, 50 -51 this factor may have accounted for lower PA in some smokers in the present study, which may have attenuated the effect of smoking on PA. A number of outlying values (Ͼ3 standard deviations from the mean) were present and were eliminated from the analysis to avoid potential artifact error, but most of these values (9 of 11) were found among the smokers; therefore, if any bias occurred in eliminating these values, it was toward the null hypothesis. Finally, although no subject had clinical cardiovascular disease, it is possible that subclinical disease, including endothelial dysfunction commonly found among smokers, [52][53][54] may have played a role in the increased PA and platelet serotonin receptor density. Specifically, endothelial production of nitric oxide, a potent platelet inhibitor, 55,56 may have been decreased among smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Increased Serotonin Receptor Density and Platelet GPIIb/IIIa Activation Among Smokers

Markovitz

Tolbert

Winders

1999

ATVB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-This study sought to determine whether depressive symptoms and/or platelet serotonin receptor (5HT 2A ) density are associated with increased platelet activation (PA) found among smokers. Flow cytometric detection of PA was used to study 36 smokers and 16 nonsmokers, aged 18 to 48 years. Subjects were tested at baseline and after either smoking 2 cigarettes (smokers) or a similar resting interval (nonsmokers). Assessment of PA included both platelet secretion and fibrinogen receptor (GPIIb/IIIa) binding. Platelet 5HT 2A receptor binding and saturation were tested using [ 3 H]LSD, and depressive symptoms were measured using the Beck Depression Inventory. Platelet 5HT 2A receptor density was increased among smokers versus nonsmokers (82.7Ϯ67.7 versus 40.0Ϯ20.2 fmol/mg protein; PϽ0.005), and there was a dose-dependent relationship between receptor density and packs/d among smokers. Baseline wound-induced GPIIb/IIIa binding at 1 minute and GPIIb/IIIa binding in response to collagen stimulation in vitro was increased among smokers (PϽ0.05); there were no changes in PA among smokers after smoking, and platelet secretion was not elevated among smokers. Depressive symptoms were associated with 5HT 2A receptor density among nonsmokers (PϽ0.005), but no such relationship was evident among smokers; PA was unrelated to 5HT 2A receptor density in either group. The findings indicate that smoking is associated with increased platelet serotonin receptor density and with increased GPIIb/IIIa receptor binding, although these 2 factors are not related to each other or to depressive symptoms among smokers. Serotonergic dysfunction may be an important factor in the development of cardiovascular disease among smokers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Increased Serotonin Receptor Density and Platelet GPIIb/IIIa Activation Among Smokers

Markovitz

Tolbert

Winders

1999

ATVB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Given such small changes to the arterial diameter, careful attention must be paid to technical and biological factors that may influence the measurement. Indeed, FMD can be affected by a variety of biologic and behavioural factors such as sympathetic activation 52 , sleep deprivation 53 , caffeine consumption 54 , smoking 55 , antioxidant therapy 56 and time of day 57 . Accordingly, it is important to control for these factors by utilising information from established guidelines 24,25 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

Sandoo

Kitas

2015

JoVE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The endothelium is the innermost lining of the vasculature and is involved in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Damage to the endothelium may predispose the vessel to atherosclerosis and increase the risk for cardiovascular disease. Assessments of peripheral endothelial function are good indicators of early abnormalities in the vascular wall and correlate well with assessments of coronary endothelial function. The present manuscript details the important methodological steps necessary for the assessment of microvascular endothelial function using laser Doppler imaging with iontophoresis, large vessel endothelial function using flow-mediated dilatation, and carotid atherosclerosis using carotid artery ultrasound. A discussion on the methodological considerations for each of the techniques is also presented, and recommendations are made for future research.

show abstract

“…In a previous study from our group, we showed that nitrate-induced dilatation does not change significantly after acute smoking. 3 The effect of light cigarette smoking on FMD 30 min after smoking is perhaps underestimated, and this could reflect a small sample size. Nevertheless, this does not invalidate our finding that regular cigarette smoking exerts more detrimental effects on vascular function when compared with the corresponding 'light' cigarette.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial dysfunction and type of cigarette smoked: the impact of ‘light’ versus regular cigarette smoking

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Acute cigarette smoking leads to temporary endothelial dysfunction, which is an early event in atherogenesis. Sufficient data concerning the effect of cigarettes with low tar and nicotine yield are lacking. Seventeen healthy individuals (nine women, eight men, aged 27.8 AE 3.6 years) were subjected to evaluation of endothelial function by means of endothelium-dependent, flowmediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery, before, immediately after and 30, 60 and 90 min after smoking a regular cigarette (nicotine 0.9 mg, tar 12 mg) or the corresponding 'light' cigarette (nicotine 0.6 mg, tar 8 mg). The following day, measurements were repeated after smoking the opposite kind of cigarette. Baseline FMD was 6.1 AE 1.6% and 7.2 AE 2.0% in the light and regular cigarette groups, respectively (p ¼ NS). The overall effect of the regular cigarette over time on FMD compared with the light cigarette was significantly different (F ¼ 3.039, p ¼ 0.023). FMD was significantly depressed after smoking both types (light: F ¼ 8.192, p < 0.001; regular: F ¼ 16.698, p < 0.001). Immediately after smoking, FMD declined in both groups (light: 3.0 AE 2.4% and regular: 1.6 AE 3.2%, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively), and it remained significantly depressed in the regular cigarette group at 30 min (0.75 AE 1.5%, p < 0.001) and 60 min (3.5 AE 3.1%, p ¼ 0.024), while in the light cigarette group FMD differences were abolished at 30, 60 and 90 min after smoking. In conclusion, acute smoking of both regular and light cigarettes leads to temporary vasomotor dysfunction; its duration is shorter after smoking a 'light' cigarette.

show abstract

Effect of Acute Cigarette Smoking on Endothelium-Dependent Brachial Artery Dilatation in Healthy Individuals

Cited by 109 publications

References 16 publications

Increased Serotonin Receptor Density and Platelet GPIIb/IIIa Activation Among Smokers

Increased Serotonin Receptor Density and Platelet GPIIb/IIIa Activation Among Smokers

A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology

Endothelial dysfunction and type of cigarette smoked: the impact of ‘light’ versus regular cigarette smoking

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About