Effect of Acute Gamma Irradiation onCurcuma alismatifoliaVarieties and Detection of DNA Polymorphism through SSR Marker

Abstract

The effects of eight different doses (0, 10, 20, 25, 35, 40, 60, and 100 Gy) of acute gamma irradiation on 44 (three varieties of Curcuma alismatifolia: Chiang Mai Red, Sweet Pink, Kimono Pink, and one Curcuma hybrid (Doi Tung 554) individual plants were investigated. Radiation sensitivity tests revealed that the LD50 values of the varieties were achieved at 21 Gy for Chiang Mai Red, 23 Gy for Sweet Pink, 25 Gy for Kimono Pink, and 28 Gy for Doi Tung 554. From the analysis of variance (ANOVA), significant variations were observed for vegetative traits, flowering development, and rhizome characteristics among the four varieties of Curcuma alismatifolia and dose levels as well as the dose × variety interaction. In irradiated plants, the leaf length, leaf width, inflorescence length, the number of true flowers, the number of pink bracts, number of shoots, plant height, rhizome size, number of storage roots, and number of new rhizomes decreased significantly (P < 0.05) as the radiation dose increased. The cophenetic correlation coefficient (CCC) between genetic dissimilarity matrix estimated from the morphological characters and the UPGMA clustering method was r = 0.93, showing a proof fit. In terms of genetic variation among the acutely irradiated samples, the number of presumed alleles revealed by simple sequence repeats ranged from two to seven alleles with a mean value of 3.1, 4.5, and 5.3 alleles per locus for radiation doses of 0, 10, and 20 Gy, respectively. The average values of the effective number of alleles, Nei's gene diversity, and Shannon's information index were 2.5–3.2, 0.51–0.66, and 0.9–1.3, respectively. The constructed dendrogram grouped the entities into seven clusters. Principal component analysis (PCA) supported the clustering results. Consequently, it was concluded that irradiation with optimum doses of gamma rays efficiently induces mutations in Curcuma alismatifolia varieties.

Development and characterization of 16 novel microsatellite markers by Transcriptome sequencing for Angelica dahurica and test for cross-species amplification

“…Microsatellite markers are simple sequences repeat (SSRs) consisting of 1-6 nucleotides in length (motifs) and can be found in genomes of all prokaryotes and eukaryotes [7]. During the past decades, microsatellite markers, due to the high level of polymorphism, high abundance, co-dominance, selective neutrality and transferability across species [8][9][10][11][12], have been widely applied to a variety of biological researches, such as population genetics, gene flow, phylogenetics, and conservation genetics.…”

Morphological Characteristics and Productivity of Guinea Grass (Panicum maximum CV Purple Guinea) Irradiated with Gamma-Ray

“…The control plant height in the M1 population was higher than the Gamma irradiated plant. The decreased plant height due to gamma-ray irradiation on M1 was also reported to occur in maize (Marcu et al, 2013), soybeans (Alikamanoglu et al, 2011), Curcuma alismatifolia (Taheri et al, 2014), Arabidopsis thaliana (Kim et al, 2014), Phaseolus vulgaris (Ulukapi & Ozmen, 2018), ryegrass (Chen et al, 2016), Okra (Amir et al, 2018) Table 6. Phenotypes variance (σ2p), genetic variance (σ2g), heritability (h2) and genetic coefficient variation (GCV) of shoot fresh weight and dry weight, tiller, leaf weight, length of root and weight of roots in M1V2 population…”

The Effect of Gamma Radiation on Plant Morphological Characteristics of Zingiber officinale Roscoe

“…The present results are in agreement with the findings by Giridharan and Balakrishnan [29] and [30] who observed an inhibitory effect on irradiated plants as compared to a control plant group. In addition, the lower dosage could become a stimulatory effect to some agronomical plant traits [27]. However, the increase in the average of rhizomes weight at 5 Gy radiation dose in the present study could happen due to either difference in the genetic material under study or due to agro-climatic variations under which the experiment was carried out [31].…”

“…This was due to the genotype cultivars, which may be varied in the effect of gamma rays on their plant height. Plant height in ginger is a quantitative trait which is predominantly controlled by polygene, and each gene is responsible for contributing small effects, namely genetic additive effect [27]. Furthermore, reduction in growth parameters and dwarfism are also due to disturbance of normal mitosis and frequent occurrence of mitotic aberrations and resulting changes in nutrient levels in plants [26].…”