Effect of acute Trypanosoma vivax infection on cattle erythrocyte glutathione and susceptibility to in vitro peroxidation

Igbokwe, I.O.; Umar, I.A.; Omage, J. J.; Ibrahim, N. D. G.; Kadima, K. B.; Obagaiye, O.K.; Saror, D.I.; Esievo, K. A. N.

doi:10.1016/0304-4017(95)00887-x

Cited by 33 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The PPP was only two to three DAI, although parasites detected at this stage may be remnants of the inoculum. This finding corroborates those of Igbokwe et al (1996) who used the Samaru (Nigeria) sample and Schenk et al (2001) using the Poconé (MT) strain, both worked with cattle experimentally infected with T. vivax, found a PPP of two and three days, respectively. Moraes (2001) observed that cattle experimentally infected with Poconé (MT) strain had a PPP of two to 12 days.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of clinical signs, parasitemia, hematologic and biochemical changes in cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax

Fidélis

Sampaio

Machado

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Infections by Trypanosoma vivax cause great losses to livestock in Africa and Central and South Americas. Outbreaks due this parasite have been occurred with increasing frequency in Brazil. Knowledge of changes caused by T. vivax during the course of this disease can be of great diagnostic value. Thus, clinical signs, parasitemia, hematologic and biochemical changes of cattle experimentally infected by this hemoparasite were evaluated. Two distinct phases were verified during the infection -an acute phase where circulating parasites were seen and then a chronic phase where fluctuations in parasitemia were detected including aparasitemic periods. A constant reduction in erythrocytes, hemoglobin and packed cell volume (PVC) were observed. White blood cells (WBC) showed pronounced changes such as severe neutropenia and lymphopenia during the acute phase of the illness. Decreases in cholesterol, albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and increases in glucose, globulin, protein, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were observed. The "Lins" isolate of T. vivax showed pathogenicity for cattle, and intense parasitemia was detected in the early stages of infection. Circulating parasites were detected for about two months. The most evident laboratory abnormalities were found in WBC parameters, including thrombocytopenia.Keywords: Trypanosomiasis, bovine, host-parasite relationship, complete blood count. ResumoInfecções pelo Trypanosoma vivax causam grandes prejuízos à pecuária na África e Américas Central e do Sul. Surtos devido a este protozoário têm ocorrido com frequência cada vez maior no Brasil. O conhecimento das alterações provocadas pelo T. vivax durante a evolução desta enfermidade podem ser de grande valia para o auxílio no diagnóstico. Para tanto foram estudados os sinais clínicos, parasitemia, alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas em bovinos experimentalmente infectados por este hemoparasito. Foram verificadas duas fases distintas durante a infecção, uma aguda onde parasitos circulantes foram vistos durante todo o período, e posteriormente uma crônica, onde foram detectadas flutuações na parasitemia, com períodos aparasitêmicos. Foi verificada constante diminuição da contagem global de eritrócitos, teor de hemoglobina e volume globular (VG). O leucograma revelou leucopenia por neutropenia e linfopenia durante a fase aguda da enfermidade. Foram observados diminuição do colesterol, albumina, aspartato aminotransferase (AST), lactato desidrogenase (LDH) e aumento da glicose, globulinas, proteínas e fosfatase alcalina (FA). O isolado "Lins" de T. vivax apresentou patogenicidade para bovinos, verificando-se parasitemia intensa nos estágios iniciais da infecção, sendo detectados parasitas circulantes por aproximadamente dois meses. As alterações laboratoriais mais evidentes foram encontradas nos parâmetros do leucograma, ainda destacando-se um quadro de trombocitopenia.Palavras-chave: Tripanossomíase, bovino, relação parasita-hospedeiro, hemograma.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of clinical signs, parasitemia, hematologic and biochemical changes in cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax

Fidélis

Sampaio

Machado

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…[23] Lipids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids, are sensitive to oxidation, leading to the term LP, of which, malondialdehyde (MDA) is the most abundant. [24] The accumulation of MDA in tissues or biological fluids is indicative of the extent of free radical generation, oxidative stress and tissue damage. [25] Oxidative stress ensues when ROS evade or overwhelm antioxidants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid peroxidation the levels of antioxidant enzymes in hypertension

Amanullah

Zaman

Rahman³

et al. 2012

Free Radicals and Antioxidants

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“…In the same vein, it has also been demonstrated that infections with Trypanosoma brucei group of parasites may change the host's antioxidant defense against free radicals. 34,35 Elevated MDA concentrations have been related to the amount of stress and are well correlated with lipid membrane damage and loss of membrane integrity. Increased production of MDA in plasma, tissues and erythrocytes was also reported in murine models and humans infected with Trypanosoma cruzi.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is congruent with previous studies that showed a decrease in erythrocytic and hepatic glutathione concentrations in rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei. 37 The trypanosome infection causes the oxidation of GSH to GSSH by activated oxygen and is partly responsible for the significantly lower concentration of glutathione peroxidase in the liver and kidney tissue homogenate of infected untreated rats compared to the pre and post-infected treated groups, 33,34 also, the high increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase can also be attributed to its lower concentration 35 since the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme consumes GSH. Likewise, reports have shown that depletion of endogenous glutathione antioxidant may be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of Trypanosoma Scongolense infection but upon administration of exogenous vitamin C to infected animals prevented these disease-induced decreases in glutathione and ascorbic acid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of administration of zinc and selenium on lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidant enzymes in trypanosoma brucei infected albino rats

Duniya¹

2018

OAJS

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The effect of administration of zinc and selenium on lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidant enzymes in albino rats was investigated. Forty-five (45) healthy rats were divided into nine (9) groups of five (5) rats each. Groups I, II, and III served as control; administered with normal chow and distilled water ad libitum, zinc gluconate and selenium and Trypanosoma brucei without treatment respectively. Groups IV, V, and VI were the pretreated infected groups that were administered with daily dose of 50mg per kilogram body weight of zinc, 10mg per kilogram body weight of selenium and combination of zinc and selenium respectively for seven (7) days. Whereas group VII, VIII and IX represented the post-infected treated groups that were administered with daily dose of 50mg per kilogram body weight of zinc, 10mg per kilogram body weight of selenium and combination of zinc and selenium respectively for seven (7) days. The control group of Trypanosoma brucei infected without treatment showed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), and decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities when compared with other control groups. Administration of zinc and selenium to the pre and post-infected groups caused significantly (P<0.05) lower values in the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), with significantly (P<0.05) higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver and kidney. Treatment with zinc and selenium may contribute in protection against cellular damage during Trypanosoma brucei infection in rats.

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Effect of acute Trypanosoma vivax infection on cattle erythrocyte glutathione and susceptibility to in vitro peroxidation

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Evaluation of clinical signs, parasitemia, hematologic and biochemical changes in cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax

Evaluation of clinical signs, parasitemia, hematologic and biochemical changes in cattle experimentally infected with Trypanosoma vivax

Lipid peroxidation the levels of antioxidant enzymes in hypertension

Effect of administration of zinc and selenium on lipid peroxidation and endogenous antioxidant enzymes in trypanosoma brucei infected albino rats

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