“…Their hearts were rapidly excised, placed in cold buffer and perfused retrogradely via the aorta. 16 The Hepes perfusion buffer contained (in mM): Hepes, 6; NaCl, 144; CaC12, 2.5; MgC12, 0.9; KCI, 6 and glucose, 11 and was continuously equilibrated with 100% oxygen. Perfusate flow was maintained constant at 15mL/min by a Masterflex peristaltic pump (Cole Palmer, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).…”