Effect of adiposity on tissue-specific adiponectin secretion

Abstract

Circulating adiponectin levels are lower in individuals with increased BMI and central adiposity. However, they are paradoxically higher in those with peripheral adiposity. We hypothesized that adiponectin secretion from central and peripheral adipose tissue depots may be associated with adiposity levels and its distribution. A total of 55 subjects (69% women) undergoing elective abdominal surgery (mean age: 53 ± 13 years) were recruited. Health history, anthropometrics, and cardiovascular disease risk factor measurements were obtained. Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) samples were obtained and cultured. Media was collected after 24hr and adiponectin released into the medium was measured using ELISA. We found that mean adiponectin levels from SAT and VAT in all subjects were 17.14±15.27 vs. 15.21±14.28 pg/ml/mg of tissue respectively (p = ns). However, adiponectin secretion from VAT correlated negatively with BMI (r = -0.31, p = 0.01), whereas there was no relationship with SAT (r = 0.08 p = 0.61). Similarly, waist circumference and estimated VAT percentage were both negatively correlated with VAT secretion of adiponectin (r = -0.35, p = 0.01 and r = -0.36, p = 0.02 respectively). These negative correlations were significant only in women on gender-stratified analyses. Adiponectin secretion from VAT decreases with increases in adiposity, while SAT secretion remains unchanged, especially in women. This observation may explain lower circulating adiponectin levels in individuals with central obesity. Further studies are needed to explore the mechanism behind this discrepant adiponectin secretion from SAT and VAT with increases in BMI, particularly among women.

Human Adipocyte Conditioned Medium Promotes In Vitro Fibroblast Conversion to Myofibroblasts

“…Our adipocytes, which have matured but not accumulated large lipid droplets, were used 10 days after the initiation of differentiation, a time frame closer to that of Ezure and Amano's small adipocytes (8 days of induction). Interestingly, these small adipocytes secreted more adiponectin than enlarged adipocytes 78 . In addition, Ezure and Amano, in an earlier study, found that exogenous adiponectin increased dermal fibroblast production of type I collagen in a concentration-dependent manner, but without a change in COLA1A gene expression 79 .…”

Higher adiponectin concentrations are associated with reduced metabolic syndrome risk independently of weight status in Brazilian adolescents

“…Finally, adiponectin is one of many biochemical variables related with pro- and anti-inflammatory processes that are produced by adipocytes, and it is not produced equally in all adipose tissues. Furthermore, fat distribution can also interfere in the association of adiponectin with cardio-metabolic outcomes [42, 43].…”

Level of Adiponectin, Leptin and Selected Matrix Metalloproteinases in Female Overweight Patients with Primary Gonarthrosis

“…There are data suggesting that adiponectin secretion may differ according to adiposity levels and its distribution. In case of visceral adipose tissue, adiponectin levels decrease with the increase in adiposity, while in subcutaneous adipose tissue, the secretion of adiponectin remains unchanged, especially in women [ 25 ]. In this study the type of adipose tissue was not specified.…”