Effect of age on calcium absorption in postmenopausal women

Nordin, B.E.C.; Need, A. G.; Morris, Howard A.; O’Loughlin, Peter; Horowitz, Michael

doi:10.1093/ajcn/80.4.998

Cited by 125 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Under our experimental conditions, the acute calcium uptake from the fresh yoghurt was higher than from the pasteurized, as evidenced by the increase in circulating plasma levels of calcium one hour after intake [31]. The heat treatment of yoghurt to increase the shelf live of the product could diminish the effect on lactose digestibility due apparently to enzymatic inactivation [32], together with the proposed effect on orocaecal transit time, described as shorter for the pasteurized yoghurt [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…However, calcium utilization depends upon individual factors, such as the lactase-deficiency degree as well as on food characteristics [30]. Thus, several studies have shown that yoghurt is better tolerated than milk [11], because some lactase activity from yoghurt bacteria could participate in lactose digestion, as well as the delayed oro-cecal transit time [23,31]. Therefore, yoghurt could allow lactose maldigesting people to comfortably consume a dairy food naturally rich in calcium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute Calcium Assimilation from Fresh or Pasteurized Yoghurt Depending on the Lactose Digestibility Status

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Morentin

Cobo³

et al. 2007

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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Objective: The major aim of this trial was to evaluate the potential interaction of fresh or pasteurized yoghurt intake with lactose intolerance on calcium assimilation by means of the stable isotope 43 Ca as a tracer.Methods: Forty volunteers (age: 32 Ϯ 7 years) participated in this parallel simple blind study (20 of them with moderate lactose intolerance). The protocol included the intake of a test meal consisting on 43 Ca-labelled fresh or pasteurized yoghurt. Volunteers, in whom the calcium status was assessed, collected the 24-h urine before and after the test meal to measure the stable isotope output. The intake-related 43 Ca enrichment in urine was measured by isotopic rate mass spectrometry. Results:In lactose tolerant and intolerant volunteers taken together, the fresh yoghurt consumption resulted in a statistically higher circulating calcium levels (p ϭ 0.028) and urinary 43 Ca output (p ϭ 0.017) than after the pasteurized yoghurt intake. The lactose maldigestion status resulted in higher urinary 43 Ca excretion (p ϭ 0.013) after the fermented milk consumption, regardless of the nature of ingested product (p ϭ 0.887). Conclusions:This novel and non-aggressive protocol allowed the in vivo comparison of calcium utilization from two different dairy sources, revealing a higher acute calcium assimilation from fresh as compared to the pasteurized yoghurt, in both lactose digesting and maldigesting subjects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute Calcium Assimilation from Fresh or Pasteurized Yoghurt Depending on the Lactose Digestibility Status

Parra

Morentin

Cobo³

et al. 2007

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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“…In women, the two major causes of bone loss are estrogens deficiency after the menopause and age related processes [13]. Bone turnover increases to high levels in women soon after menopause [14] in postmenopausal women, estrogen deficiency may induce calcium loss due to decreased intestinal calcium absorption and decreased renal calcium conservation [14][15][16]. So there are more chances of decreased calcium levels in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In postmenopausal women, reviews of over 20 studies have concluded that calcium supplementation can decrease bone loss by ≈1% per year [16]. Therefore, calcium supplementation has been shown to be effective in retarding bone loss in postmenopausal women.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium and Vitamin D status in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

2017

ajbpr

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Among nutrients, calcium and vitamin D play an important role in the mineralization of the skeleton at all ages. Due to menopause ovarian follicles loss its function, which results in decreased production of estradiol and other hormones. Hypovitaminosis is more common in post menopausal women. So the aim of our study is to evaluate calcium and vitamin D status in pre-menopausal and postmenopausal women and to suggest them advices regarding dietary supplementation of calcium & vitamin D.60 women of age group 35 to 55 attending outpatient department (OPD) and/or admitted in ward were selected for the present study. Out of which 30 were premenopausal and 30 were postmenopausal women.Serum calcium levels were estimated by Arsenazo method and Vitamin D levels were estimated by ELFA method (enzyme linked fluorescent assay). In our study, we found that that postmenopausal woman had significantly lower serum calcium levels and lower vitamin D levels than in pre-menopausal women. Also, calcium & vitamin D levels are positively correlated in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.Hypocalcemia and hypovitaminosis D are very common in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. So, high calcium foods and vitamin D supplementation should be recommended by physicians for both premenopausal and post-menopausal women.

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“…This appears to be the result of a developing resistance to the action of 1,25(OH) 2 D; fractional calcium absorption from diets containing different levels of calcium was correlated with serum 1,25(OH) 2 D concentration in young (28.7 ± 5.3 years) but not in older (72.5 ± 3.0 years) women (Pattanaungkul et al, 2000). The menopause is associated with a significant fall in calcium absorption, possibly as a result of lower oestrogen levels affecting receptors in the small intestine (Nordin et al, 2004). Data from early radioisotope studies show a continuous reduction in absorption from the age of 60 years in men and women (Bullamore et al, 1970).…”

Section: Intestinal Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for calcium

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2015

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Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies derived Dietary Reference Values for calcium. These include Average Requirement (AR), Population Reference Intake (PRI) and Adequate Intake (AI). For adults, data were analysed from a number of balance studies undertaken in North America and the mean value at which calcium intake equals excretion was calculated as 715 mg/day in adults ≥ 25 years. An allowance for dermal calcium losses (not included in the balance data) of 40 mg/day was added to derive an AR of 750 mg/day. The upper bound of the 95 % prediction interval at the estimated population mean at null balance (which represents the 97.5 th percentile of the distribution of the individual predictions for each calcium intake level) was 904 mg/day, and when dermal losses are added this gives a PRI of 950 mg/day for adults ≥ 25 years. For infants (7-11 months), an AI was derived by extrapolating the average amount of calcium absorbed by exclusively breast-fed infants (120 mg/day) using isometric scaling and assuming an absorption of 60 %, and was calculated as 280 mg/day. The AR for children was derived using the factorial approach. The total quantity of calcium required for bone accretion and replacement of endogenous losses was adjusted for percentage absorption to derive PRIs for children aged 1-3, 4-10 and 11-17 years of 450, 800 and 1 150 mg/day, respectively. The PRI for young adults (18-24 years), who still accumulate calcium in bones, is 1 000 mg/day. This is the intermediate value between children aged 11-17 years and adults. Taking into consideration adaptive changes in calcium metabolism that occur during pregnancy and lactation, the PRI for non-pregnant women also applies to pregnant and lactating women of the same age group. Calcium is an integral component of the skeleton; approximately 99 % of total body calcium is found in bones and teeth as calcium hydroxyapatite, where it has a structural role. The remaining 1 % of calcium found in the body acts as an essential intracellular messenger in cells and tissues. © EuropeanIntestinal calcium absorption occurs through both an active, saturable, transcellular process and a nonsaturable, passive process. Active transport is controlled by 1,25(OH) 2 D and passive transport is paracellular. Calcium absorption varies considerably throughout the lifespan, being higher during periods of rapid growth and lower in old age. Calcium absorption is affected by vitamin D status; it has been shown to be low in patients with vitamin D deficiency, but there is uncertainty about the serum concentration of 25(OH)D that is required for optimal calcium absorption. Unabsorbed dietary calcium is lost in the faeces. The main routes of obligatory (endogenous) calcium loss are urine, faeces, and skin and sweat (dermal losses).If the dietary supply of calcium is insufficient to meet physiological requirements, calcium is resorbed from the skeleton to maintain blood concentrations within the range required for norm...

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Effect of age on calcium absorption in postmenopausal women

Abstract: A late age-related decrease in calcium absorption is seen in postmenopausal women in addition to the decline that occurs at menopause. This decrease could be due to a decline in either the active calcium transport or diffusion component of the calcium absorption system.

Cited by 125 publications

References 26 publications

Acute Calcium Assimilation from Fresh or Pasteurized Yoghurt Depending on the Lactose Digestibility Status

Acute Calcium Assimilation from Fresh or Pasteurized Yoghurt Depending on the Lactose Digestibility Status

Calcium and Vitamin D status in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women

Scientific Opinion on Dietary Reference Values for calcium

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