Effect of Air Pollution on Blood Pressure, Blood Lipids, and Blood Sugar: A Population-Based Approach

Chuang, Kai Jen; Yan, Yuan-Horng; Cheng, Tsun‐Jen

doi:10.1097/jom.0b013e3181ceff7a

Cited by 159 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…We are aware of only 3 relevant human studies examining the effect of long-term air pollutants exposure on prevalence of hypertension and arterial BP. 12,26,27 The results of these studies are inconsistent. In the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study, a population-based prospective cohort in Germany, Fuks et al 27 investigated the cross-sectional association of residential long-term PM 2.5 and PM 10 exposure with arterial BP and hypertension on 4291 participants aged 45 to 75 years, taking short-term variations of PM and long-term road traffic noise exposure into account.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 In recent years, several studies have investigated the shortterm effects of ambient air pollutants in the development of high BP and hypertension among humans, but the results of these studies are inconstant. Evidence from studies conducted in the United States, [7][8][9][10] Brazil, 11 and Taiwan 12 indicated that short-term increases in particulate matter (PM), organic carbon, black carbon, and ozone (O 3 ) air pollution lead to acute but transient increase in arterial BP and hypertension prevalence. However, results from 1 recent study conducted on 9238 nonsmoking adults >30 years of age indicated that shortterm exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 µm (PM 10 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), nitrogen dioxides (NO 2 ), CO, and O 3 consistently reduced the systolic BP (SBP) and pulse pressure, whereas the diastolic BP (DBP) was increased by SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Association Between Long-Term Air Pollution and Increased Blood Pressure and Hypertension in China

Qian²,

et al. 2013

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http://hyper.ahajournals.org/ Downloaded from Dong et al Effects of Air Pollution on Blood Pressure 579pollution on BP in different parts of the world are unclear but may result from spatial and temporal variability in pollution sources and composition. 17,18 Compared with short-term effects of air pollution, there is little information on the relation between chronic exposure to air pollution and prevalent hypertension. Inconsistent results have also been reported on the association between incident hypertension and air pollution. For instance, Coogan et al 19 showed in a 10-year follow-up for incident hypertension and diabetes mellitus of black women from Los Angeles that NO X (but less PM 2.5 ) borderline increased the risk of becoming hypertensive. However, Sørensen et al 20 reported that longterm exposure (1 and 5 years) to NO X was not associated with incident self-reported hypertension in a Danish cohort. We hypothesized that at the population level, long-term exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with higher BP and higher prevalence of hypertension among humans. In this study, we tested this hypothesis in the 11 Districts Chinese Study, a cross-sectional study of air pollution and adult health in a large, well-characterized population-based sample, residing in northeast China, where there are wide differences in inter-and intracity gradients and ambient pollutant levels, offering a valuable opportunity to assess the associations between exposure and response. Methods Study Cities Selection and Subject RecruitmentMore than 20 million people reside in 14 cities in Liaoning province in northeast China. To maximize the inter-and intracity gradients of the pollutants of interest and minimize the correlation between district-specific ambient pollutants, in April 2009, we selected 3 cities (Shenyang, Anshan, and Jinzhou) based on the results of air pollution measurements between 2006 and 2008. There are 5, well-identified geographic districts in Shenyang, and 3 districts in Anshan and Jinzhou, respectively. Three communities within 1 km of air-monitoring sites were randomly chosen from these districts resulting in 33 locales, and from each of these, 700 to 1000 households were randomly identified. One participant, aged 18 to 74 years, was selected from each household without replacement. Our entry criterion was that the subject should have lived at that place for at least 5 years. The design and conduct of this investigation was reviewed and approved by Human Studies Committee of China Medical University. Before data collection, a written informed consent form was obtained from each participant. Ambient Air PollutionIn each of the selected study districts, there was only 1 municipal air pollution monitoring station, which was located 1 mile from the participants' homes. Measurements of PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 concentrations from 2006 to 2008 were obtained at the stations. The measurements were subject to uniform criteria for monitoring, siting, instrumentation, and quality assurance. Thes...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Association Between Long-Term Air Pollution and Increased Blood Pressure and Hypertension in China

Qian²,

et al. 2013

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“…By applying generalized additive models, Secondary analyses of a Taiwanese survey in 2002 demonstrated that increased particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <10 microm was associated with elevated systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, apolipoprotein B, hemoglobin A1c, and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Elevated ozone was associated with increased diastolic blood pressure, apolipoprotein B, and hemoglobin A1c (Chuang et al, 2010). Genetic-environment interactions may have a role in this regard (Eisenberg et al, 2010).…”

Section: Impact Of Climate Change and Air Pollution On Dyslipidemia Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Dyslipidemia and the Components of Metabolic Syndrome

Kelishadi¹,

Poursafa²

2012

Dyslipidemia - From Prevention to Treatment

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“…Therefore, only the variable for the use of any antihypertensive medication (yes/no) was used in the final models. We also studied the possible confounding effect of ozone, because even though the association between ozone and blood pressure is not evident, [29,30] some studies have suggested ozone exposure has an effect on blood pressure [25]. The influence of extreme temperatures on our associations was studied by excluding 2.5% of the hottest and coldest temperatures from the analyses, and we did visual inspection of the linearity of the association between temperature and blood pressure using plots created by penalized spline models, using the generalized additive mixed model (gamm) function in R.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we controlled for confounding by black carbon (BC), a marker of combustion particles that has been shown to have an effect on blood pressure in our cohort [23] and elsewhere. [24] Possible confounding by ozone was also studied as a suggestion of an association between ozone and blood pressure has been reported [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship Between Outdoor Temperature And Blood Pressure

Halonen¹,

Zanobetti²,

Vokonas³

et al. 2010

A48. Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease, Update on Mechanisms and Epidemiology

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Objectives-Cardiovascular mortality has been linked to changes in outdoor temperature. However, the mechanisms behind these effects are not well established. We aimed to study the effect of outdoor temperature on blood pressure (BP), as increased BP is a risk factor of cardiovascular deaths.Methods-The study population consisted of men aged 53-100 years living in the Boston area. We used a mixed effects model to estimate the effect of three temperature variables: ambient, apparent, and dew point temperature (DPT), on repeated measures (every 3-5 years) of diastolic and systolic blood pressure. Random intercepts for subjects and several possible confounders were used in the models, including black carbon (BC) and barometric pressure.Results-We found modest associations between diastolic BP and ambient temperature, and apparent temperature. In the basic models, increases in diastolic BP in association with a 5°C decrease in 7-day moving averages of temperatures were 1.01% (95% CI: −0.06 -2.09), and 1.55% (95%, CI: 0.61 -2.49) for ambient and apparent temperature, respectively. Excluding extreme temperatures made these associations stronger (2.13%, 95% CI: 0.66 -3.63, and 1.65%, 95% CI: 0.41 -2.90, for ambient and apparent temperature, respectively). Effect estimates for dew point temperature were close to null. The effect of apparent temperature on systolic BP was similar (1.30% increase (95% CI: 0.32 -2.29) for a 5°C decrease in 7-day moving average).Conclusions-Cumulative exposure to decreasing ambient and apparent temperature may increase BP. These findings suggest that increase in BP could be a mechanism behind cold-, but not heat-related cardiovascular mortality.

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Effect of Air Pollution on Blood Pressure, Blood Lipids, and Blood Sugar: A Population-Based Approach

Abstract: Alterations of atherosclerotic indicators are associated with particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <10 microm and ozone changes. This might provide a link between air pollution and progression of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

Cited by 159 publications

References 36 publications

Association Between Long-Term Air Pollution and Increased Blood Pressure and Hypertension in China

Association Between Long-Term Air Pollution and Increased Blood Pressure and Hypertension in China

Impact of Climate Change and Air Pollution on Dyslipidemia and the Components of Metabolic Syndrome

Relationship Between Outdoor Temperature And Blood Pressure

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