Effect of air stacking training on pulmonary function, respiratory strength and peak cough flow in persons with cervical spinal cord injury

An, Sang-Kyun; Shin, Won-Seob

doi:10.14474/ptrs.2018.7.4.147

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…As no multi-player exercises existed, it was difficult to inspire competition, induce the desire to win, or motivate patients to perform exercises. Breathing exercises such as “air stacking training” and “spirometry training,” which are conducted in hospitals or at home, are effective [ 14 ], but they are considered uninteresting, making it difficult for patients to consistently perform these exercises. The developed devices utilize the remaining function of the cervical spinal cord to achieve the exercise goal with or without a companion, consequently improving breathing ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and pilot testing of novel game-based respiratory rehabilitation exercise devices for patients with tetraplegia

Park¹,

Kang²,

Eun³

2021

THC

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BACKGROUND: Individuals with spinal cord injuries (SCI) show restricted breathing patterns with reduced lung volumes and capacities. OBJECTIVE: To improve breathing in such individuals, we aimed to develop breathing exercise devices using a user-centered design (UCD) and then assess the effects of these devices on breathing. METHODS: Patients with SCI were involved in the device development. Preliminary online survey participants were recruited from the community, and interview and pilot test participants were recruited from a patient self-help group. The four UCD phases were repeatedly performed. Users required fun, easy, multi-player, and safe exercise devices. RESULTS: Seven breathing exercise devices were developed, and 10 different game-based exercises were performed. Two individuals participated in a pilot test involving a respiratory rehabilitation exercise program conducted twice weekly for 60 min/session over 8 weeks. Lung function was assessed using a spirometer. Forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and vital capacity showed minimal changes, whereas maximum inspiratory and expiratory pressures improved. Participants reported that the exercises were entertaining and that the competitive nature of the game-like exercises encouraged further participation. CONCLUSION: Breathing exercise programs using our developed devices can improve breathing and positively affect the psychological states and sociability of users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and pilot testing of novel game-based respiratory rehabilitation exercise devices for patients with tetraplegia

Park¹,

Kang²,

Eun³

2021

THC

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“…There is an increasing interest in assessing the level of physical functioning of severely ill patients and studies are being conducted to evaluate ICU-based interventions that can reduce these disorders [27][28][29]. In the exercise group, functional training, such as bedside functional training, balance training, and gait training assisted to improve physical performance or functional level [29]. Active functional training and rehabilitation in the ICU is consistent with research that improves functional levels, reduces movement restrictions, and improves muscle strength and gait ability [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of functional training on strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care units

Seo

Shin

2019

PTRS

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exercise therapy and bedside ergometer exercise on muscle strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care. Design: Randomized Controlled Trial Methods: Sixteen patients in the ICU were randomly assigned to either the exercise group (n=8) or the bedside cycle ergometer group (n=8). Activities in the ICU exercise group (rolling, sitting at the edge of the bed, transfer from sitting to standing, standing balance training, ambulation) and bedside cycle ergometer group were performed 5 times a week for 30 minutes during the ICU admission period. Medical Research Council (MRC) and Functional Status Scale-Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) parameters were assessed at the time of admission to the ICU, and reevaluation was assessed on the day of ICU discharge. The Short Form-36 (SF-36) was assessed at the time of discharge from the ICU. Results: MRC and FSS-ICU were significantly increased before and after intervention in both the experimental and control groups (p<0.05). There was a significant difference between MRC and FSS-ICU in the comparison of the changes before and after the intervention (p<0.05). SF-36 was compared between groups after intervention and there was a significant difference between the experimental and the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Muscle strength and functional levels improved after intervention in both the experimental and control groups. The ICU exercise group was more effective than the bedside cycle ergometer group to improve muscle strength, functional level, and quality of life performance of persons in the ICU.

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“…In both trials, FVC and PCF increased over time; Jeong et al reported no between-group difference in FVC but a larger PCF improvement in the LVR group (baseline = 204 ± 129 L/min to post = 261 ± 126 L/min) compared with the incentive spirometry arm (240 ± 142 L/min to post = 249 ± 110 L/min) ( 223 ). In contrast, An and Shin found a greater FVC improvement in the LVR group compared with incentive spirometry, but no difference in PCF response ( 228 ). The applicability of these findings to medically stable NMDs is unclear given the time course post injury and natural history of recovery in SCI.…”

Section: Regular Lvr Therapymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A comparator intervention was also included in the two RCTs that assessed the effect of LVR in people with cervical SCI. The participants were allocated to LVR or incentive spirometry (with the addition of inspiratory muscle strength training in one study) ( 228 ) for between 4 and 6 weeks ( 223 , 228 ). In both trials, FVC and PCF increased over time; Jeong et al reported no between-group difference in FVC but a larger PCF improvement in the LVR group (baseline = 204 ± 129 L/min to post = 261 ± 126 L/min) compared with the incentive spirometry arm (240 ± 142 L/min to post = 249 ± 110 L/min) ( 223 ).…”

Section: Regular Lvr Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of lung volume recruitment therapy in neuromuscular disease: a narrative review

Sheers

O’Sullivan

Howard

et al. 2023

Front. Rehabil. Sci.

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Respiratory muscle weakness results in substantial discomfort, disability, and ultimately death in many neuromuscular diseases. Respiratory system impairment manifests as shallow breathing, poor cough and associated difficulty clearing mucus, respiratory tract infections, hypoventilation, sleep-disordered breathing, and chronic ventilatory failure. Ventilatory support (i.e., non-invasive ventilation) is an established and key treatment for the latter. As survival outcomes improve for people living with many neuromuscular diseases, there is a shift towards more proactive and preventative chronic disease multidisciplinary care models that aim to manage symptoms, improve morbidity, and reduce mortality. Clinical care guidelines typically recommend therapies to improve cough effectiveness and mobilise mucus, with the aim of averting acute respiratory compromise or respiratory tract infections. Moreover, preventing recurrent infective episodes may prevent secondary parenchymal pathology and further lung function decline. Regular use of techniques that augment lung volume has similarly been recommended (volume recruitment). It has been speculated that enhancing lung inflation in people with respiratory muscle weakness when well may improve respiratory system “flexibility”, mitigate restrictive chest wall disease, and slow lung volume decline. Unfortunately, clinical care guidelines are based largely on clinical rationale and consensus opinion rather than level A evidence. This narrative review outlines the physiological changes that occur in people with neuromuscular disease and how these changes impact on breathing, cough, and respiratory tract infections. The biological rationale for lung volume recruitment is provided, and the clinical trials that examine the immediate, short-term, and longer-term outcomes of lung volume recruitment in paediatric and adult neuromuscular diseases are presented and the results synthesised.

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Effect of air stacking training on pulmonary function, respiratory strength and peak cough flow in persons with cervical spinal cord injury

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Development and pilot testing of novel game-based respiratory rehabilitation exercise devices for patients with tetraplegia

Development and pilot testing of novel game-based respiratory rehabilitation exercise devices for patients with tetraplegia

Effects of functional training on strength, function level, and quality of life of persons in intensive care units

The role of lung volume recruitment therapy in neuromuscular disease: a narrative review

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