Effect of altitude on oxygen binding by hemoglobin and on organic phosphate levels

Lenfant, Claude; Torrance, J. D.; English, Eugenia; Finch, Clement A.; Reynafarje, C; Ramos, J.; Faura, J

doi:10.1172/jci105948

Cited by 382 publications

(125 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…2,3-DPG was not measured in our studies, but previous data suggest that its concentration was increased in both the lowlanders and highlanders at high altitude (Lenfant et al, 1968;Torrance et al, 1970b). It is possible that the lowlanders at high altitude had a higher [2, than the Andean natives, as this trend has been shown in other samples of lowlanders and highlanders in the Andes (Torrance et al, 1970b).…”

Section: 3-dpgmentioning

confidence: 39%

“…They discovered that this organic phosphate, a by-product of RBC metabolism, is an allosteric modulator of Hb that binds to its reduced form and decreases its affinity for O 2 (Benesch et al, 1968). Soon thereafter, Lenfant et al (1968) Once it was established that [2,3-DPG] increases upon ascent to high altitude, conducted an experiment to determine the relationship between pH change, [2, and shifts of the ODC at high altitude. Two subjects were made acidotic with the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide before ascending to high altitude along with four control subjects, to whom no drugs were administered.…”

Section: The Odc In Lowlanders At High Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lenfant et al (1968) then found that exposure to high altitude is associated with both an increase in in vitro P 50 and a parallel increase in [2,.…”

Section: 3-dpgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The in-vivo oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve at sea level and high altitude

Balaban

Duffin

Preiss

et al. 2013

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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Some animals have adapted to hypoxia by increasing their haemoglobin affinity for oxygen, but in vitro studies have not shown any change of haemoglobin affinity for oxygen in human high altitude natives or lowlanders acutely acclimatized to high altitude. We conducted the first in vivo study of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve by progressively reducing arterial PO 2 while maintaining normocapnia in lowlanders at sea level, lowlanders sojourning at 3600m for two weeks and native Andeans at the same altitude. We found that the in vivo PO 2 at which haemoglobin is half-saturated (P 50 ) is higher in lowlanders at sea level (32 mmHg) than that measured in vitro (27 mmHg) and that lowlanders and highlanders do significantly increase the in vivo affinity of their haemoglobin for oxygen with exposure to high altitude. These results indicate the value of an in vivo approach for studying the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve.iii

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Section: 3-dpgmentioning

confidence: 39%

Section: The Odc In Lowlanders At High Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

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The in-vivo oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve at sea level and high altitude

Balaban

Duffin

Preiss

et al. 2013

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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“…In mammals that are native to lowland environments, the acclimatization response to hypoxia typically involves a DPGinduced reduction in Hb-O 2 affinity (a rightward shift in the O 2 -equilibrium curve), which might be mediated primarily by an increase in the erythrocytic concentration of DPG (Lenfant et al, 1968;Lenfant et al, 1971;Mäirbaurl et al, 1993). In humans, for example, a rapid increase in the intracellular DPG concentration occurs within 24h of ascent to high altitude (>4500m), and the resultant decrease in Hb-O 2 affinity is partially offset by the respiratory alkalosis induced by increased ventilation (Lenfant et al, 1968;Lenfant et al, 1971;Weiskopf and Severinghaus, 1972).…”

Section: Blood-o 2 Affinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, for example, a rapid increase in the intracellular DPG concentration occurs within 24h of ascent to high altitude (>4500m), and the resultant decrease in Hb-O 2 affinity is partially offset by the respiratory alkalosis induced by increased ventilation (Lenfant et al, 1968;Lenfant et al, 1971;Weiskopf and Severinghaus, 1972).…”

Section: Blood-o 2 Affinitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in vertebrates

Storz

Scott

Cheviron

2010

Journal of Experimental Biology

353

343

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SummaryHigh-altitude environments provide ideal testing grounds for investigations of mechanism and process in physiological adaptation. In vertebrates, much of our understanding of the acclimatization response to high-altitude hypoxia derives from studies of animal species that are native to lowland environments. Such studies can indicate whether phenotypic plasticity will generally facilitate or impede adaptation to high altitude. Here, we review general mechanisms of physiological acclimatization and genetic adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in birds and mammals. We evaluate whether the acclimatization response to environmental hypoxia can be regarded generally as a mechanism of adaptive phenotypic plasticity, or whether it might sometimes represent a misdirected response that acts as a hindrance to genetic adaptation. In cases in which the acclimatization response to hypoxia is maladaptive, selection will favor an attenuation of the induced phenotypic change. This can result in a form of cryptic adaptive evolution in which phenotypic similarity between high-and low-altitude populations is attributable to directional selection on genetically based trait variation that offsets environmentally induced changes. The blunted erythropoietic and pulmonary vasoconstriction responses to hypoxia in Tibetan humans and numerous high-altitude birds and mammals provide possible examples of this phenomenon. When lowland animals colonize high-altitude environments, adaptive phenotypic plasticity can mitigate the costs of selection, thereby enhancing prospects for population establishment and persistence. By contrast, maladaptive plasticity has the opposite effect. Thus, insights into the acclimatization response of lowland animals to high-altitude hypoxia can provide a basis for predicting how altitudinal range limits might shift in response to climate change.

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Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Effects in Men on the South Polar Plateau

Guenter¹

1970

Arch Intern Med

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Effect of altitude on oxygen binding by hemoglobin and on organic phosphate levels

Cited by 382 publications

References 21 publications

The in-vivo oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve at sea level and high altitude

The in-vivo oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve at sea level and high altitude

Phenotypic plasticity and genetic adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in vertebrates

Cardiorespiratory and Metabolic Effects in Men on the South Polar Plateau

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