Effect of aluminium sulphate-catalysed hydrolysis process on furfural yield and cellulose degradation of Cannabis sativa L. shives

Efficient Production of Furfural from Corncob by an Integrated Mineral-Organic-Lewis Acid Catalytic Process

“…With longer pretreatment time course, the resulting furfural could not be removed immediately from the reactor, which caused several side reactions to occur. These included the decomposition of furfural into formic acid and the condensations of furfural with furfural, xylose, and lignin-related phenolic compounds (Brazdausks et al 2016). The key to avoiding these side reactions and controlling the furfural recovery and furfural loss was to shorten the residence time of furfural in the aqueous phase (Mao et al 2012).…”

“…Though the catalyst enhances the reaction rate, the rate of side reactions is also enhanced (Jing and Lu 2007). These included the decomposition of furfural into formic acid and the condensations of furfural with furfural, xylose, and lignin-related phenolic compounds (Brazdausks et al 2016). Over the past decade, studies have been conducted on developing a more economical and efficient process for industrial furfural production from lignocellulosic biomass (Bamufleh et al 2013).…”

Integrated Production of Biofuels and Succinic Acid from Biomass after Thermochemical Pretreatments

“…In previous studies, industrial hemp was effectively pretreated with application of 1-3 % NaOH (121 °C) and 1-3 % H 2 O 2 (90-121 °C). In these cases, lignin solubilization amounted to 42-51 % and 35-47 % after alkaline (NaOH) and oxidative (H 2 O 2 ) pretreatment, respectively [8,12]. However, hemp pretreatment by alkaline/oxidative method led to simultaneous release of C5 sugars into pretreatment liquors as well as sugar losses.…”

“…Currently, an increased interest on hemp research and cultivation has been observed [3,4]. Besides its traditional usage as isolation material and substrate used in textile industry, hemp has been tested as solid fuel as well as feedstock for biofuels (biogas, biohydrogen, bioethanol) [5,6] or bio-chemicals (succinic and lactic acid, furfural) production [7][8][9]. Additionally, hemp was tested as feedstock for integrated biofuels (bioethanol and biogas) [10] as well as bioethanol coupled with succinic acid production [11,12].…”

“…Due to low sugar content in pretreatment liquors after alkaline/oxidative method, such residues are very frequently not utilized for biofuels and chemicals production, which causes significant losses of hemicellulosic fraction, i.e. even 36-41 % and 31-42 % for alkaline and oxidative method, respectively [8,12]. One of the solution constitutes application of organic solvents (organosolv pretreatment), especially glycerol, which can easily penetrate into the biomass and provides an effective reagent for biomass fractionation, minimizing sugar losses and improving enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose [14,15].…”