Effect of ambient temperature on competence of deer ticks as hosts for Lyme disease spirochetes

Shih, Chien-Ming; Telford, Sam R.; Spielman, Andrew

doi:10.1128/jcm.33.4.958-961.1995

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The population dynamics of vector-borne pathogens inside their arthropod vectors are also highly dependent on abiotic factors, such as temperature (Sternberg and Thomas, 2014). For example, warmer temperatures reduce the vectorial capacity of malaria mosquitoes (Paaijmans et al, 2011) and high temperatures can clear the Lyme disease pathogen from ticks so that they are no longer infectious to mice (Shih et al, 1995). Taken together, these observations suggest that temperature (and other abiotic variables) could influence the outcome of the interactions between strains in mixed infections in the arthropod vector, but to date there are no studies on this subject.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition Between Strains of Borrelia afzelii in Immature Ixodes ricinus Ticks Is Not Affected by Season

Genné

Sarr

Rais

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Vector-borne pathogens often consist of genetically distinct strains that can establish co-infections in the vertebrate host and the arthropod vector. Co-infections (or mixed infections) can result in competitive interactions between strains with important consequences for strain abundance and transmission. Here we used the spirochete bacterium, Borrelia afzelii, as a model system to investigate the interactions between strains inside its tick vector, Ixodes ricinus. Larvae were fed on mice infected with either one or two strains of B. afzelii. Engorged larvae were allowed to molt into nymphs that were subsequently exposed to three seasonal treatments (artificial summer, artificial winter, and natural winter), which differed in temperature and light conditions. We used strain-specific qPCRs to quantify the presence and abundance of each strain in the immature ticks. Co-infection in the mice reduced host-to-tick transmission to larval ticks and this effect was maintained in the resultant nymphs at 1 and 4 months after the larva-to-nymph molt. Competition between strains in co-infected ticks reduced the abundance of both strains. This inter-strain competition occurred in the three life stages that we investigated: engorged larvae, recently molted nymphs, and overwintered nymphs. The abundance of B. afzelii in the nymphs declined by 40.5% over a period of 3 months, but this phenomenon was not influenced by the seasonal treatment. Future studies should investigate whether inter-strain competition in the tick influences the subsequent strain-specific transmission success from the tick to the vertebrate host.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Competition Between Strains of Borrelia afzelii in Immature Ixodes ricinus Ticks Is Not Affected by Season

Genné

Sarr

Rais

et al. 2019

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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“…Few studies have shown that the extrinsic incubation temperature (EI) affects survival growth and transmission of lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, and hence the competence of its ixodid tick vector (Shih et al, 1995 Furthermore, Barbour (1984) found that lyme disease spirochete B. burgdorferi did not grow when cultured in BSK II medium at temperature in excess of 37P o…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of extrinsic incubation temperature on borrelial infection in various organs of Ornithodoros (O.) savignyi

Helmy

Shanbaky

Elmohsen

et al. 2009

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, E. Medical En

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“…Relatively few studies examine vector competence across species of ticks feeding on the same hosts (Henning et al 2014). The influence of ambient temperature on vector competence in tick species was not existent for Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (Dohm & Linthicum 1993), and temperatures above 27°C were not conducive to vector competence for B. burgdorferi (Shih, Telford & Spielman 1995).…”

Section: E C T O R C O M P E T E N C E ( B )mentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological foundations of transmission potential and vector‐borne disease in urban landscapes

et al. 2015

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Summary Urban transmission of arthropod-vectored disease has increased in recent decades. Understanding and managing transmission potential in urban landscapes requires integration of sociological and ecological processes that regulate vector population dynamics, feeding behavior, and vector-pathogen interactions in these unique ecosystems. Vectorial capacity is a key metric for generating predictive understanding about transmission potential in systems with obligate vector transmission. This review evaluates how urban conditions, specifically habitat suitability and local temperature regimes, and the heterogeneity of urban landscapes can influence the biologically-relevant parameters that define vectorial capacity: vector density, survivorship, biting rate, extrinsic incubation period, and vector competence.Urban landscapes represent unique mosaics of habitat. Incidence of vector-borne disease in urban host populations is rarely, if ever, evenly distributed across an urban area. The persistence and quality of vector habitat can vary significantly across socio-economic boundaries to influence vector species composition and abundance, often generating socio-economically distinct gradients of transmission potential across neighborhoods.Urban regions often experience unique temperature regimes, broadly termed urban heat islands (UHI). Arthropod vectors are ectothermic organisms and their growth, survival, and behavior are highly sensitive to environmental temperatures. Vector response to UHI conditions is dependent on regional temperature profiles relative to the vector’s thermal performance range. In temperate climates UHI can facilitate increased vector development rates while having countervailing influence on survival and feeding behavior. Understanding how urban heat island (UHI) conditions alter thermal and moisture constraints across the vector life cycle to influence transmission processes is an important direction for both empirical and modeling research.There remain persistent gaps in understanding of vital rates and drivers in mosquito-vectored disease systems, and vast holes in understanding for other arthropod vectored diseases. Empirical studies are needed to better understand the physiological constraints and socio-ecological processes that generate heterogeneity in critical transmission parameters, including vector survival and fitness. Likewise, laboratory experiments and transmission models must evaluate vector response to realistic field conditions, including variability in sociological and environmental conditions.

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Effect of ambient temperature on competence of deer ticks as hosts for Lyme disease spirochetes

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Competition Between Strains of Borrelia afzelii in Immature Ixodes ricinus Ticks Is Not Affected by Season

Competition Between Strains of Borrelia afzelii in Immature Ixodes ricinus Ticks Is Not Affected by Season

Effect of extrinsic incubation temperature on borrelial infection in various organs of Ornithodoros (O.) savignyi

The ecological foundations of transmission potential and vector‐borne disease in urban landscapes

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