Effect of ammonium-containing polyalkyl acrylate on the rheological properties of crude oils with different ratio of resins and waxes

Litvinets, Irina V.; Prozorova, I. V.; Yudina, N. V.; Казанцев, О. А.; Sivokhin, А. P.

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2016.04.026

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This is why the samples of polymers are more efficient for different waxy oils . In the case of waxy crude oils containing asphaltenes and resins, the cationic, anionic, and nonionic surface-active agents are used to inhibit the precipitation of asphaltenes and resins . For a long time, traditional polymers have been among the most important ways to modulate crude oil’s wax crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 In the case of waxy crude oils containing asphaltenes and resins, the cationic, anionic, and nonionic surface-active agents are used to inhibit the precipitation of asphaltenes and resins. 6 For a long time, traditional polymers have been among the most important ways to modulate crude oil's wax crystals. These polymers usually consist of polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate or polyethylene-co-polypropylene, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA), 7 polyacrylate (poly-(octadecyl acrylate)), 8 and maleic anhydride ester-based copolymer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Poly(octadecyl acrylate-co-vinyl neodecanoate)/Oleic Acid-Modified Nano-graphene Oxide as a Pour Point Depressant and an Enhancer of Waxy Oil Transportation

Mahmoud

Betiha

2021

Energy Fuels

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Development and the required availability of energy resources, especially oil, drew attention to developing methods for transporting high-viscosity and high-pour-point petroleum crude efficiently at a reasonable cost. For this purpose, graphite was oxidized and reacted with oleic acid to alter the GO’s surface hydrophobically. Poly(octadecyl acrylate-co-vinyl neodecanoate) (PODA-co-VND) was prepared at different molar ratios of monomers and used as a waxy oil pour point depressant. The OL-GO had been incorporated in various proportions within the monomers, ranging from 0.1 to 0.5%, to produce polymer nanohybrids. The polymers and polymer nanohybrids were characterized using FTIR, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, and TGA instruments. XRD confirmed the increase in the d-spacing between the GO layers after the polymerization process. By testing the prepared polymers as depressors of the oil pour point, it was found that the polymer with the monomers’ molar ratio of 1:1 was the most efficient, as it achieved a reduction of 12 °C, while the polymer hybrid with the same molar ratio attained a reduction of more than 30 °C. This decrease in the oil pour point results in a massive improvement in the viscosity as it is reduced by approximately 86% using the hybrid polymer. The optical microscope showed very tiny crystals after treatment with the hybrid polymer compared to the polymer. The results also showed that on increasing the GO percentage in the polymer, the crude oil’s pour point and viscosity improved.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(octadecyl acrylate-co-vinyl neodecanoate)/Oleic Acid-Modified Nano-graphene Oxide as a Pour Point Depressant and an Enhancer of Waxy Oil Transportation

Mahmoud

Betiha

2021

Energy Fuels

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“…Many types of chemical inhibitors may be utilized as PPDs to minimize waxy crude oil's wax deposition. The commonly utilized PPDs include the (EVA) ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Machado et al 2001;Ridzuan et al 2020b;Tu et al 2017), (POA) poly octadecyl acrylate (Handayani et al, 2019;Yang et al 2018Yang et al , 2015Zhu et al 2004), poly alkyl acrylate (Feng et al 2014;Litvinets et al 2016), poly (dodecyl methacrylate-co-vinyl acetate (Ghosh et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of full factorial design to screen the factors influencing the wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil

Elarbe

Elganidi

Ridzuan

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Wax deposition in production pipelines and transportation tubing from offshore to onshore is critical in the petroleum industry due to low-temperature conditions. The most significant popular approach to solve this issue is by inserting a wax inhibitor into the channel. This research aims to reduce the amount of wax formation of Malaysian crude oil by estimating the effective parameters using Design-Expert by full factorial design (FFD) method. Five parameters have been investigated, which are rotation speed (A), cold finger temperature (B), duration of experimental (C), the concentration of poly (stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate) (SABA) (D), and concentration of nano-silica SiO2 (E). The optimum conditions for reducing the amount of wax deposit have been identified using FFD at 300 rpm, 10 ℃, 1 h, 1200 ppm and 400 ppm, respectively. The amount of wax deposit estimated is 0.12 g. The regression model’s variance results revealed that the R2 value of 0.9876, showing 98.76% of the data variation, can be described by the model. The lack of fit is not important in comparison to the pure error, which is good. The lack of fit F value of 12.85 means that there is only a 7.41% probability that this huge can occur because of noise. The influence of cold finger temperature was reported as the main contributing factor in the formation of wax deposits compared to other factors. In addition, the interaction between factor B and factor C revealed the highest interaction effect on the wax deposition. In conclusion, the best interaction variables for wax inhibition can be determined using FFD. It is a valued tool to measure and detect the unique relations of two or more variables. As a result, the findings of this study can be used to develop a reliable model for predicting optimum conditions for reducing wax deposits and the associated costs and processing time.

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“…The PPD is also known either as wax crystal modifier or flow improver, which are compounds of polymeric that have formed by a series of hydrocarbons that supply the interaction between the wax inhibitor PPD and wax paraffin and act to change the morphology of crystal. Due to the significant role of PPDs in oil production and transportation, several PPDs were synthesized and evaluated on waxy crude oil, such as copolymer of ethylene-co-vinyl acetate (EVA) (Machado et al 2001;Tu et al 2017), poly of octadecyl acrylate (POA) polymer (Handayani et al 2019;Yang et al 2018;Yang et al 2015a, b;Zhu et al 2004), poly of alkyl acrylate (Feng et al 2014;Litvinets et al 2016), poly of dodecyl methacrylate-co-vinyl acetate (Ghosh et al 2017), poly of glycidyl methacrylateco-octadecyl methacrylate (Goswami et al 2019), poly of methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride (Xu et al 2018) poly of methylsilsesquioxane (PMSQ) microsphere (Yang et al 2017), poly of maleic anhydride -co-alkyl linoleate (Soliman et al 2018), terpolymer of alkyl acrylate-co-vinyl acetate-co-maleic anhydride (Feng et al 2014) poly of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate (SABA) copolymer (Elarbe et al 2021), poly of fatty esters-co-succinic anhydride (Deka et al 2020), poly of ethylene-co-butene with nano-aluminum oxide blend (Odutola and Idemili 2020) poly of benzyl methacrylate-co-methacrylate (Xie et al 2019) and terpolymer of benhely acrylate-co-stearyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride (Elganidi et al 2020). These studies have a strong influence on the viscosity reduction which can improve the performance of the flowability and inhibit the deposition of wax.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate copolymer as a pour point depressant of waxy crude oil

Elarbe

Elganidi

Ridzuan

et al. 2021

J Petrol Explor Prod Technol

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Pour point depressant (PPD) has the competitive advantage of lowering the temperature of the wax appearance (WAT) and crude oil viscosity. In this paper, a novel PPD of poly stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate (SA-co-BA) in various mass ratios (1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3) was effectively synthesized by solution radical polymerization method, and characterized by fourier transform infrared FTIR, proton nuclear magnetic resonance NMR, x-ray diffraction XRD and scanning electron microscopy SEM. The SA-co-BA PPD was evaluated on Malaysian crude oil via the pour point, the rheological and cold finger analysis to prevent the wax deposition at low temperature and improve flowability. The findings showed that the mass ratio (1:1) at 1000 ppm has a positive effect on the pour point depression from 11 to 2 °C. It was investigated from the rheological measurement that the viscosity of crude oil increases as the temperature decreases. Whereas, the viscosity decreases as the shear rate increases and as shear rate increases, shear stress increases. The flowability performance of the crude by the mass ratio of 1:1 at 1000 of the SA-co-BA concentrations have improved by 89.76%. The highest paraffin inhibition efficiency PIE of wax deposited was obtained at 1:1 of the mass ratio by 44.14%, indicating the smallest amount of wax is formed. This finding is interestingly attributed to the acrylate groups that have a long alkyl chain. Thus, SA-co-BA copolymer was demonstrated to be an appreciable pour point depressant that can prevent the wax deposition at low temperature and increasing the flowability of Malaysian crude oil.

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Effect of ammonium-containing polyalkyl acrylate on the rheological properties of crude oils with different ratio of resins and waxes

Cited by 29 publications

References 11 publications

Poly(octadecyl acrylate-co-vinyl neodecanoate)/Oleic Acid-Modified Nano-graphene Oxide as a Pour Point Depressant and an Enhancer of Waxy Oil Transportation

Poly(octadecyl acrylate-co-vinyl neodecanoate)/Oleic Acid-Modified Nano-graphene Oxide as a Pour Point Depressant and an Enhancer of Waxy Oil Transportation

Application of full factorial design to screen the factors influencing the wax deposition of Malaysian crude oil

Synthesis, characterization and evaluation of stearyl acrylate-co-behenyl acrylate copolymer as a pour point depressant of waxy crude oil

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