Effect of androsterone and of male hormone concentrates on the accessory reproductive organs of castrated rats, mice and guinea-pigs

Callow, R. K.; Deanesly, Ruth

doi:10.1042/bj0291424

Cited by 61 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Yet, the organs weighed just slightly more than half of the weight of the corresponding organs of the uncastrated rats of the same age. This is consistant with earlier observations showing that androgen treatment of adult prepuberally castrated rats hardly raises the weights of the sex accessories up to the level of old adult controls but rather to the level of young puberal rats (Callow and Deanesly 1935 and later authors). The NA-content of the accessories was raised by about 100% after testosterone.…”

Section: <0001supporting

confidence: 86%

Influence of Age, Growth, Castration and Testosterone Treatment on the Noradrenaline Levels of the Ductus Deferens and the Auxiliary Male Reproductive Glands of the Rat

Sjöstrand

Swedin

1976

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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The total amount of noradrenaline (NA) in the male accessories increases with normal growth of the organs and also with the age of the rat. The ductus deferens of the old rat has about twice as high NA concentration as that of the young rat. Castration of the prepuberal rat or the puberal rat leads to retardation or cessation, respectively, of the increase in NA amount of the male genital tract. Only in the old rat does castration produce a definite decrease in NA amount of the tract. Castration always raises the NA concentration of the sex accessories. Testosterone treatment of the puberal rat or the old rat produces minor or no increase, respectively, in total amount of NA of the male sex accessories. Testosterone treatment of old prepuberally castrated rats produces a marked increase in NA content of the male organs. It is concluded that androgens have no substancial direct effect on the adrenergic innervation per se, but affects the transmitter levels of the male organs indirectly through changes in number, size and relative proportion of the target cells of the adrenergic nerves i.e. the smooth muscle cells.

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Section: <0001supporting

confidence: 86%

Influence of Age, Growth, Castration and Testosterone Treatment on the Noradrenaline Levels of the Ductus Deferens and the Auxiliary Male Reproductive Glands of the Rat

Sjöstrand

Swedin

1976

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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“…As a result, the need arises for a bioassay to identify potential anti-androgens and inhibitors of the testosterone-5a-reductase that produces dihydrotestosterone (DHT). The leading candidate, which has become known as the Hershberger assay, employs the androgen responsive tissues of the male reproductive tract in the surgically castrated male rat (Callow and Deanesly, 1935;Korenchevsky, 1932;Korenchevsky et al, 1932) with the addition of the levator ani and bulbocavernosus muscles (Eisenberg and Gordan, 1950;Hershberger et al, 1953). Briefly, male rats are castrated, the androgen responsive tissues are allowed to regress over a period of about 10 days, and a stimulating androgen, such as testosterone propionate (TP), is administered over the subsequent 10 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testosterone-stimulated weanlings as an alternative to castrated male rats in the Hershberger anti-androgen assay

Ashby

Lefevre

Tinwell

et al. 2004

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology

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“…prostate from the urogenital sinus (Price, 1936;Flickinger, 1969aFlickinger, , 1970Wilson et al, 1980). At puberty, when plasma androgens increase substantially (Podesta & Rivarola, 1974;Dohler & Wuttke, 1975; Lee et al, 1975;Moger, 1977), spectacular and rapid growth of the differentiated tissues occurs, leading to pronounced synthesis of secretory products (Callow & Deanesly, 1935;Desjardins et al, 1969;Brooks, 1976b). However, other periods between late foetal life and puberty may also be crucial for acquisition of functional activity of the male accessory sexual tissues in the adult.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional development of sex accessory organs of the male rat. Use of oestradiol benzoate to identify the neonatal period as critical for development of normal protein-synthetic and secretory capabilities

Higgins¹,

Brooks²,

Fuller³

et al. 1981

Biochemical Journal

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Functional development of the sex accessory tissues was studied in the male rat. Three potentially crucial developmental periods (neonatal, prepubertal and pubertal) were examined, and then the functional integrity of the accessory tissues was investigated in the adult, when the animals would have been expected to display normal function. Four accessory tissues (the seminal vesicles, ventral prostate and caput and cauda epididymides) were used because of their different embryological origins and responses to androgens in the adult. Synthesis and secretion of previously characterized tissue-specific androgen-dependent proteins were taken as indicators of normal function. Development was perturbed by using oestradiol benzoate, since this was known to affect gross development of the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate when given to neonatal rats. Treatment during the first 5 days after birth severely restricted development of the seminal vesicles and ventral prostate. Protein secreted by the former was only 1% of the normal amount, and in many cases several major secretory proteins were essentially missing. Prostatic protein secretion was less than 20% of normal, but all the major proteins were detectable. In both tissues overall protein synthesis per cell was quantitatively normal, but the proportion devoted to specific major secretory proteins was markedly depressed, i.e. the response is differential. In contrast, treatment during the prepubertal period was without noticeable effects. Development of the seminal vesicles and prostate was somewhat inhibited by treatment at puberty, but these changes were minor compared with those after neonatal exposure to oestradiol benzoate. No effects on epididymal protein synthesis or secretory proteins were observed, and epididymal weight and DNA content were only moderately decreased regardless of when oestradiol benzoate was administered during sexual maturation. Hence the neonatal period is not so critical for epididymal development. The substantial changes elicited by oestrogen treatment during neonatal life in seminal-vesicle and prostatic protein synthesis and secretion were compared with those evoked in sexually mature males by either oestrogen treatment or castration. Both these latter treatments resulted in a general decrease in seminal-vesicle protein synthesis and secretion, but the marked differential effects on major proteins after neonatal exposure were absent. Castration did, however, evoke a differential prostatic response, but this was not seen after oestrogen treatment of adults.

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Effect of androsterone and of male hormone concentrates on the accessory reproductive organs of castrated rats, mice and guinea-pigs

Cited by 61 publications

References 7 publications

Influence of Age, Growth, Castration and Testosterone Treatment on the Noradrenaline Levels of the Ductus Deferens and the Auxiliary Male Reproductive Glands of the Rat

Influence of Age, Growth, Castration and Testosterone Treatment on the Noradrenaline Levels of the Ductus Deferens and the Auxiliary Male Reproductive Glands of the Rat

Testosterone-stimulated weanlings as an alternative to castrated male rats in the Hershberger anti-androgen assay

Functional development of sex accessory organs of the male rat. Use of oestradiol benzoate to identify the neonatal period as critical for development of normal protein-synthetic and secretory capabilities

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