Effect of aniline‐formaldehyde resin on the reduced conjugation length of doped polyaniline: Thermal studies

Abstract

A linear aniline‐formaldehyde resin (AF) complexed with different acids was successfully synthesized with the traditional way of polymerizing a novolac‐type phenolic resin. When the AF(DBSA)1.0 (AF complexed with only HDBSA (n‐dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid)) was blended with PANI(DBSA)0.5 (polyaniline doped only by HDBSA, the Tgs (glass transition temperatures) of the polyblends decreased with PANI(DBSA)0.5, indicating the presence of the compatibility that can alter the doping condition of PANI(DBSA)0.5 by changing the conjugation length. In the polyblend system, it was also confirmed when the polyblend of 50/50 showed a higher residue weight than the rest of polyblends after being heated up to 450°C. The λmax of UV–vis spectra of PANI (DBSA)0.5 demonstrates a red shifts indicating the secondary doping effect (increasing conjugation length) was recovered when PANI(DBSA)0.5 was mixed with less than 50% of AF(DBSA)0.5 (HCl)0.5. Similar phenomenon of red shift was found for the blended samples of PANI(DBSA)0.5/AF(DBSA)1.0 at high temperatures. IR spectra revealed an alkyl affinity interaction is present between PANI(DBSA)0.5 and AF(DBSA)1.0 at room temperature and a strong and free localized polaron band appeared at high temperatures due to the recovery of secondary doping. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 2120–2128, 2007

Formation mechanism of a nanotubular polyanilines prepared by an emulsion polymerization without organic solvent

“…4(b) and (d) were taken and compared with common non-nanotubular polyaniline in (a) which illustrated a particle-assembled morphologies of common polyaniline prepared on a non-emulsified condition [32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. The outer anilinium ions were favorable to coil up into a helical conformation to become a nanotube.…”

Studies on the synthesis of low molecular weight, one‐dimensional polyanilines prepared by fast emulsion polymerization using (n‐dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid)/HCl emulsifiers

“…It will take 22 min for APS to diffuse into the cylindrical micelles and then initiation can occur. Initially formed nanofibers will be covered and stuck together by the excess (free) DBSA into bigger bundles and, eventually, into giant, sticky, granular particles (aniline/DBSA = 0.0968/0.915 ≈ 1/10 in molar ratio) when newly formed molecules cover the old ones for a long polymerization time of several hours …”

Synthesis and characterization of a novel proton‐exchange membrane for fuel cells operating at high temperatures and low humidities

“…[22][23][24] However, crystallinity can be found if aniline is replaced by ptoluidine, for which only ortho-ortho polymerization is possible. The WAXD patterns of PTF resins of different monomer ratios are shown in Figure 3.…”