Effect of annealing atmosphere on properties of Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 thin films

Xue, Yuming; Yu, Bingbing; Li, Wei; Feng, Shiping; Wang, Yukun; Huang, Shanzhou; Zhang, Chao; Qiao, Zhongliang

doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2017.09.036

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…146,167 (iii) Currently, developed optimization techniques, such as buffer layer replacement, alkali metal doping, cation substitution, gradient band gap, selenization process improvement and other optimization methods, have achieved satisfactory results; however, the efficiency still does not reach the commercial level. 79,[168][169][170][171] The performance of the absorbers and the photovoltaic performance of the solar cells mainly depends on the composition of the precursor film and the reaction pathway of the transition from the precursor to the absorbers. Therefore, future research will focus on the solution chemical reaction pathway, finding the optimal direction to effectively reduce the intrinsic defects of CZTSSe absorbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and prospectives of solution-processed kesterite absorbers for photovoltaic applications

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Nanoscale

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and prospectives of solution-processed kesterite absorbers for photovoltaic applications

Wang

Zhou

et al. 2023

Nanoscale

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“…Comparison of annealing atmospheres, temperatures, and annealing time across different studies reveals variations in phase purity achieved, highlighting the importance of optimizing annealing conditions for controlling secondary phase formation in CZT(S/Se) thin films [119][120][121]. For instance, the addition of Sn with sulfur or selenium during annealing has been found effective in reducing Sn losses, contributing to improved stoichiometry and minimizing secondary phases [122,123]. Additionally, the use of a graphite box during annealing offers distinct advantages.…”

Section: Strategies To Enhance Phase Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress and Challenges in Controlling Secondary Phases in Kesterite CZT(S/Se) Thin Films: A Critical Review

Zaki,

Velea

2024

Energies

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Kesterite-based copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) and copper zinc tin selenide (CZTSe) thin films have attracted considerable attention as promising materials for sustainable and cost-effective thin-film solar cells. However, the successful integration of these materials into photovoltaic devices is hindered by the coexistence of secondary phases, which can significantly affect device performance and stability. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of recent progress and challenges in controlling secondary phases in kesterite CZTS and CZTSe thin films. Drawing from relevant studies, we discuss state-of-the-art strategies and techniques employed to mitigate the formation of secondary phases. These include a range of deposition methods, such as electrodeposition, sol-gel, spray pyrolysis, evaporation, pulsed laser deposition, and sputtering, each presenting distinct benefits in enhancing phase purity. This study highlights the importance of employing various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, for the precise identification of secondary phases in CZTS and CZTSe thin films. Furthermore, the review discusses innovative strategies and techniques aimed at mitigating the occurrence of secondary phases, including process optimization, compositional tuning, and post-deposition treatments. These approaches offer promising avenues for enhancing the purity and performance of kesterite-based thin-film solar cells. Challenges and open questions in this field are addressed, and potential future research directions are proposed. By comprehensively analyzing recent advancements, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of secondary phase-related issues in kesterite CZT(S/Se) thin films, paving the way for enhanced performance and commercial viability of thin-film solar cell technologies.

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“…[ 15 ] Further, literature reports indicate significant improvement in structural, morphological, optical (tunable E g in the range of ≈1–1.5 eV), and electrical properties of the CZTSSe solar cell by varying the Se mole fraction ( x ) resulting in efficiency scale‐up to ≈12.6%. [ 16–20 ] However, the individual efficiency of CZTS and CZTSe is reported to be lower 11.0% and 11.6%, respectively. [ 5,21 ] The high V OC observed in devices using SnS can be ascribed to its wider optical bandgap and superior shunt characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Simulation of Chalcogenide Absorber‐Based Heterojunction Solar Cell Yielding Manifold Enhancement in Efficiency

Islam,

Thakur

2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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We report, large efficiency improvement ∽4.5 times in a solar cell based on earth abundant low cost SnS absorber with configuration; Glass/Mo/SnS/CdS/i‐ZnO/AZO/Al in sharp contrast to prior experimental report in literature. Efficiency enhancement is attributed to tailored design at the absorber/buffer interface implemented via two‐step design modification vis‐à‐vis experimental benchmark. Design tailoring using simulation comprises substitution of sulfur composition in SnS by Se followed by replacing CdS buffer layer with wide bandgap, non‐toxic Zn (O, S). The effect of sulfur composition variation by Se (i.e. SnS1‐xSex) indicated an optimal Se mole fraction (x = 0.4) exhibiting maximum efficiency. In addition, optimization of the thickness, carrier density and bulk defect density of SnS1‐xSex absorber resulted in improved design. Replacing CdS buffer layer by ZnO1‐ySy in SnS absorber based solar cell resulted in substantial improvement in device parameters; open circuit voltage (VOC) ∽86% and current density (JSC) ∽78% due to optimal band alignment at the SnS1‐xSex/ZnO1‐ySy heterojunction. It occurred when the sulfur mole fraction is 60% in the absorber layer and 70% in the buffer layer causing efficiency rise to ∽17.87%. An optimal design comprising all the parameters including metal back contact work function, series and shunt resistance delivered an efficiency ∽19.2%.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effect of annealing atmosphere on properties of Cu 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 thin films

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Progress and prospectives of solution-processed kesterite absorbers for photovoltaic applications

Progress and prospectives of solution-processed kesterite absorbers for photovoltaic applications

Recent Progress and Challenges in Controlling Secondary Phases in Kesterite CZT(S/Se) Thin Films: A Critical Review

Design Simulation of Chalcogenide Absorber‐Based Heterojunction Solar Cell Yielding Manifold Enhancement in Efficiency

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