Effect of Anti-COVID-19 Measures on Atmospheric Pollutants Correlated with the Economies of Medium-sized Cities in 10 Urban Areas of Grand Est Region, France

Determination of the human impact on the drop in NO2 air pollution due to total COVID-19 lockdown using Human-Influenced Air Pollution Decrease Index (HIAPDI)

“…One of the key issues of AQI is that it does not address the magnitude of anthropogenic influence, only the concentrations of pollutants in the air. Kovács & Haidu (2021) created a standardized decontamination index for urban areas known as Atmospheric Clearance Index (ACI), however, although it is broader than AQI, it also only addresses the concentrations of various air pollutants. The HIAPDI, nevertheless, is a function of the degree of anthropogenic influence in a given territory.…”

“…As a result of this impact, an immediate decline in air pollution was observed in France and the whole of Europe ( Ikhlasse et al, 2021 ; Magazzino et al, 2020 ; Piazzola et al, 2021 ; Sbai et al, 2021 ). Other authors pointed to the connection between economic development and loss of air pollution ( Kovács, 2022 ; Kovács & Haidu, 2021 ; Magazzino et al, 2021 ; Mele & Magazzino, 2021 ). Despite this, the correlation between human influence on land use and decreased near-surface air pollution due to lockdown have yet to be robustly investigated.…”

“…Other researchers pointed to the impact of different government lockdown policies on the decline in air pollution ( Schneider et al, 2022 ). Discussion was also generated about the biases of meteorological conditions influencing changes in air pollution during lockdowns ( Kovács & Haidu, 2021 ; Menut et al, 2020 ). Recent research generally sought to evidence the magnitude of the NO 2 decrease phenomenon and other gases.…”

Investigation of pre and post environmental impact of the lockdown (COVID-19) on the water quality of the Capibaribe and Tejipió rivers, Recife metropolitan region, Brazil

“…On the other hand, the hazards or calamity humanity experienced in this pandemic showed positive side effects concerning the environment restoration, due to the reduction in the occupancy density of the urban environment (e.g., the improvement of the quality of air and water, and decrease in noise pollution), followed by the decrease in industrial and commercial activities since the beginning of 2020, as a result of restrictive measures of social isolation ( Zhou et al, 2021 ; Benchrif et al, 2021 ; Cuerdo-Vilches et al, 2021 ; Pang et al, 2021 ). Some studies sought to understand better the short-term impact and improved air quality in countries such as France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and China ( Nigam et al, 2021 ; Kovács and Haidu, 2021 ; Parida et al, 2021 ). In India during the lockdown period, more than 50% of the concentration of some toxic elements in the atmosphere was reduced ( Sathe et al, 2021 ).…”

“…The impacts of COVID-19 lockdowns on air quality around the world have received special attention ( Kovács and Haidu, 2021 ; Sathe et al, 2021 ; Parida et al, 2021 ). In comparison, assessments of the implications for water quality are relatively rare (e.g., Muduli et al, 2021 ; Pesantez et al, 2022 ).…”