Effect of aperture averaging on mean bit error rate for UWOC system over moderate to strong oceanic turbulence

BER Performance of UWOC With APD Receiver in Wide Range Oceanic Turbulence

“…Moreover, considering that the value of the aperture diameter will affect the simulation results (also known as the aperture averaging effect in [12]), we also compare the effects of aperture size D 0 of 15cm and 20cm on the BER performance of UWOC systems. Figs.…”

“…From the results, the average BERs of the UWOC systems when D 0 =20cm are always better than that when D 0 =15cm for different considered distributions, turbulence strength, and transmission data rate. This is obvious due to the so-called aperture averaging effect [12], since the more larger is the receiver aperture, the more received transmitting photons. Unless otherwise mentioned, in the following sections, we shall choose D 0 =20cm as the receiver aperture diameter to finish our system BER performance simulations.…”

“…Gamma-Gamma distribution [12] Presented a DPSK modulated UWOC system with an aperture receiver; the analytical expressions for mean BER were derived by the help of Whittaker function.…”

“…where β and η are two constant shape parameters. For the given PDF in (12), it is not difficult to obtain its n th order origin moment as [31]. Combining this moment expression and (1), the scintillation index is given by…”

“…In [11], a vertical underwater visible light communication link degraded by cascaded Gamma-Gamma turbulence fading and pointing error was studied, and the associated closedform formula for M -ary pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) was also derived. In [12], a differential phase-shift-keying (DPSK) modulated underwater wireless optical communication systems with an aperture receiver was presented. Based on Gamma-Gamma channel model, the analytical expres-sions for mean BER of UWOC over moderate to strong oceanic turbulence were derived by the help of the Whittaker function.…”