Effect of arctic environment on flexural behavior of fly ash cenosphere reinforced epoxy syntactic foams

Garcı́a, Carlos D.; Shahapurkar, Kiran; Doddamani, Mrityunjay; Kumar, G. C. Mohan; Prabhakar, Pavana

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2018.06.035

Cited by 60 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Higher magnification of Figure 9a confirms the in‐built porosity within the thin walls of the cenosphere as shown in Figure 9b. The porosity within the walls of cenospheres is also evident from the study carried by Garcia et al 39 Figure 9c shows a representative void introduced due to the entrapped air during the preparation process. The presence of voids may reduce the density of the syntactic foams making a lightweight structure.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Study of mechanical and dynamic mechanical behavior of halloysite nanotube‐reinforced multiscale syntactic foam

Bakshi

Kattimani

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The present study deals with the development of novel cenosphere‐epoxy multiscale syntactic foam (MSF) reinforced with halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Cenospheres with different volume fractions (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 vol%) and HNTs (1 vol%) used in the fabrication of syntactic foams. The addition of HNTs increases the tensile modulus (42%) and flexural modulus (66%) compared with plain syntactic foam (PSF). Furthermore, FTIR studies reveal the strong hydrogen bonding interaction between HNTs and epoxy. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) confirms the unique crack deflection phenomenon by HNT, which indicates the structure–property correlation. In addition, the storage and loss modulus of MSFs is 36 and 113%, respectively (at 30°C) higher than the neat epoxy. Improvement in the tensile and flexural properties along with excellent thermal stability at elevated temperature makes MSF a promising material for structural, weight‐sensitive, and high‐temperature applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Study of mechanical and dynamic mechanical behavior of halloysite nanotube‐reinforced multiscale syntactic foam

Bakshi

Kattimani

2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…where W represents weight fraction, V represents volume fraction, represents density, and the subscripts f and m represent filler and matrix, respectively. The densities of epoxy and cenosphere particles are considered to be 1192 kg/m 3 and 920 kg/m 3 based on measurements previously conducted by Bharath Kumar et al 28 , Garcia et al 41 and Shahapurkar et al 42 Based on the dimensions of a mold, the volume of composite (V c ) to be prepared was found. The weights of cenospheres and epoxy for known volume fractions were calculated using the values of weight fraction.…”

Section: Manufacturingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different types of tests have been performed on syntactic foams, such as three-point bending tests in flexure [35][36][37] and short beam shear tests [38][39][40] to determine their response under such types of loading. Previous works by Garcia et al 41 and Shahapurkar et al 42 investigated the behavior of cenosphere-reinforced syntactic foams in compression and flexure over a range of temperatures. In Garcia et al, 41 it was observed that the flexural modulus of cenosphere/ epoxy syntactic foams increased and the flexural strength decreased with cenosphere volume fraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous works by Garcia et al 41 and Shahapurkar et al 42 investigated the behavior of cenosphere-reinforced syntactic foams in compression and flexure over a range of temperatures. In Garcia et al, 41 it was observed that the flexural modulus of cenosphere/ epoxy syntactic foams increased and the flexural strength decreased with cenosphere volume fraction. Additional analysis showed that the failure strains decreased as the cenosphere volume fraction increased.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamic impact behavior of syntactic foam core sandwich composites

Breunig

Damodaran

Shahapurkar³

et al. 2019

Journal of Composite Materials

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Sandwich composites and syntactic foams independently have been used in many engineering applications. However, there has been minimal effort towards taking advantage of the weight saving ability of syntactic foams in the cores of sandwich composites, especially with respect to the impact response of structures. To that end, the goal of this study is to investigate the mechanical response and damage mechanisms associated with syntactic foam core sandwich composites subjected to dynamic impact loading. In particular, this study investigates the influence of varying cenosphere volume fraction in syntactic foam core sandwich composites subjected to varying dynamic impact loading and further elucidates the extent and diversity of corresponding damage mechanisms. The syntactic foam cores are first fabricated using epoxy resin as the matrix and cenospheres as the reinforcement with four cenosphere volume fractions of 0% (pure epoxy), 20%, 40%, and 60%. The sandwich composite panels are then manufactured using the vacuum assisted resin transfer molding process with carbon fiber/vinyl ester facesheets. Dynamic impact tests are performed on the sandwich composite specimens at two energy levels of 80 J and 160 J, upon which the data are post-processed to gain a quantitative understanding of the impact response and damage mechanisms incurred by the specimens. A qualitative understanding is obtained through micro-computed tomography scanning of the impacted specimens. In addition, a finite element model is developed to investigate the causes for different damage mechanisms observed in specimens with different volume fractions.

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“… 8–10 . Further, a substantial amount of research is also reported on industrial wastes like redmud, 11 cenospheres, 13–16 fly ash 17 blast furnace slag, 18 Linz‐Donawitz slag 19 to enhance the mechanical properties and erosion resistance 20,21 . Athough, wide‐ranging reports are presented on the erosive behavior of polymer composites, 22–24 studies on solid particle erosion response of crump rubber reinforced polymer composites are not reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of crump rubber on the solid particle erosion response of epoxy composites

Shahapurkar

Soudagar

Shahapurkar

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Present investigation characterizes solid particle erosion response of neat epoxy and crump rubber filled epoxy composites. Three types of composites were prepared by reinforcing crump rubber particles (10, 20 and 30 vol.%) in epoxy matrix. Neat epoxy samples were also prepared for comparison. Thermo gravimetric analysis revealed crump rubber composites have higher stability as compared with neat epoxy specimen. Differential scanning calorimeter tests reveal higher glass transition temperature for crump rubber composites as compared with neat epoxy specimens. Erosion rate of the samples have been studied for different angles of impingement (30, 45, 60 and 90°) and erodent impact velocity (30, 45 and 60 m/s). 30 vol.% of crump rubber reinforced epoxy composites reveal better resistance to erosion in comparison with other composites and neat epoxy; attributed to the elastic nature of crump rubber particles to absorb impact energy of erodent particles. For all the specimens, maximum erosion is noted at 60° angle of impingement indicating semi‐ductile response to erosion. Erosion efficiency and velocity exponent of samples also substantiate the semi‐ductile behavior. Morphology of the eroded surfaces was analyzed using scanning electron microscope. Property map is used to compare the results available from the literature with the present study.

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Effect of arctic environment on flexural behavior of fly ash cenosphere reinforced epoxy syntactic foams

Cited by 60 publications

References 51 publications

Study of mechanical and dynamic mechanical behavior of halloysite nanotube‐reinforced multiscale syntactic foam

Study of mechanical and dynamic mechanical behavior of halloysite nanotube‐reinforced multiscale syntactic foam

Dynamic impact behavior of syntactic foam core sandwich composites

Effect of crump rubber on the solid particle erosion response of epoxy composites

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