Effect of arm swing on single-step balance recovery

Cheng, Kuo‐Sheng; Huang, Yi Chang; Kuo, Shih Yu

doi:10.1016/j.humov.2014.08.011

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Their method is to attach a cable to the human body that supports it against the gravitational force. At an unpredictable moment, this cable is released to react against the risk of falling created by this type of action [43]- [45]. This experience has shown the effect of arm swing in regaining balance with a single step under intense perturbation [45].…”

Section: ) Other Standing Position Tests Used For Balance Model Evalumentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At an unpredictable moment, this cable is released to react against the risk of falling created by this type of action [43]- [45]. This experience has shown the effect of arm swing in regaining balance with a single step under intense perturbation [45]. Moreover, it allows the study of the influence of novel safety flooring systems on the compensatory balance reactions of older people [44].…”

Section: ) Other Standing Position Tests Used For Balance Model Evalumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Home-Based Risk of Falling Assessment Test Using a Closed-Loop Balance Model

Ayena

Zaibi

Otis

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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The aim of this study is to improve and facilitate the methods used to assess risk of falling at home among older people through the computation of a risk of falling in real time in daily activities. In order to increase a real time computation of the risk of falling, a closed-loop balance model is proposed and compared with One-Leg Standing Test (OLST). This balance model allows studying the postural response of a person having an unpredictable perturbation. Twenty-nine volunteers participated in this study for evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed system which includes seventeen elder participants: ten healthy elderly ( 68.4 ±5.5 years), seven Parkinson's disease (PD) subjects ( 66.28 ±8.9 years), and twelve healthy young adults ( 28.27 ±3.74 years). Our work suggests that there is a relationship between OLST score and the risk of falling based on center of pressure measurement with four low cost force sensors located inside an instrumented insole, which could be predicted using our suggested closed-loop balance model. For long term monitoring at home, this system could be included in a medical electronic record and could be useful as a diagnostic aid tool.

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Section: ) Other Standing Position Tests Used For Balance Model Evalumentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Other Standing Position Tests Used For Balance Model Evalumentioning

confidence: 99%

Home-Based Risk of Falling Assessment Test Using a Closed-Loop Balance Model

Ayena

Zaibi

Otis

et al. 2016

IEEE Trans. Neural Syst. Rehabil. Eng.

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“…A fixed-support response reflects the ability to recover balance from a perturbation by keeping CoM within the limits of balance stability over the unchanged support base area. To be observed, this reactive response requires instruction to “try not to step” in stance perturbations of large-magnitude [11, 12], and it is scaled to perturbation magnitude through differential activation of the agonist muscles [13]. The fact that in this reactive movement category body balance is recovered without any auxiliary leg displacement indicates high stability of balance recovery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of balance recovery stability from unpredictable perturbations through the compensatory arm and leg movements (CALM) scale

et al. 2019

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Following unpredictable large-magnitude stance perturbations diverse patterns of arm and leg movements are performed to recover balance stability. Stability of these compensatory movements could be properly estimated through qualitative evaluation. In the present study, we present a scale for evaluation of compensatory arm and leg movements (CALM) in response to unpredictable displacements of the support base in the mediolateral direction. We tested the CALM scale for intra- and inter-rater reliability, correlation with kinematics of arm and leg movement amplitudes, and sensitivity to mode (rotation, translation and combined) and magnitude (velocity) of support base displacements, and also to perturbation-based balance training. Results showed significant intra- and inter-rater coefficients of agreement, ranging from moderate (0.46–0.53) for inter-rater reliability in the arm and global scores, to very high (0.87–0.99) for inter-rater leg scores and all intra-rater scores. Analysis showed significant correlation values between scale scores and the respective movement amplitudes both for arm and leg movements. Assessment of sensitivity revealed that the scale discriminated the responses between perturbation modes, platform velocities, in addition to higher balance recovery stability as a result of perturbation-based balance training. As a conclusion, the CALM scale was shown to provide adequate integrative evaluation of compensatory arm and leg movements for balance recovery stability after challenging stance perturbations, with potential application in fall risk prediction.

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“… Do et al (1982) were the first to introduce an experimental paradigm for assessing recovery behavior during forward loss of balance. This paradigm, in which subjects are suddenly released from a static forward lean angle, is still frequently used ( Wojcik et al, 2001 ; Karamanidis and Arampatzis, 2007 ; Arampatzis et al, 2008 ; Karamanidis et al, 2008 ; Curtze et al, 2010 ; Barrett et al, 2012 ; Carty et al, 2012 ; Cheng et al, 2014 ; Graham et al, 2014 ), and has been shown to evince postural deficits in diverse populations. In this context, force potential of leg extensor muscles ( Karamanidis et al, 2008 ), effective control of the whole body CoM ( Barrett et al, 2012 ), as well as step length and step velocity ( Carty et al, 2012 ) have been identified as important variables for dynamic postural stability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Jaw Clenching on Balance Recovery: Dynamic Stability and Lower Extremity Joint Kinematics after Forward Loss of Balance

et al. 2016

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Postural control is crucial for most tasks of daily living, delineating postural orientation and balance, with its main goal of fall prevention. Nevertheless, falls are common events, and have been associated with deficits in muscle strength and dynamic postural stability. Recent studies reported on improvements in rate of force development and static postural control evoked by jaw clenching activities, potentially induced by facilitation of human motor system excitability. However, there are no studies describing the effects on dynamic stability. The present study, therefore, aimed to investigate the effects of submaximum jaw clenching on recovery behavior from forward loss of balance. Participants were 12 healthy young adults, who were instructed to recover balance from a simulated forward fall by taking a single step while either biting at a submaximum force or keeping the mandible at rest. Bite forces were measured by means of hydrostatic splints, whereas a 3D motion capture system was used to analyze spatiotemporal parameters and joint angles, respectively. Additionally, dynamic stability was quantified by the extrapolated CoM concept, designed to determine postural stability in dynamic situations. Paired t-tests revealed that submaximum biting did not significantly influence recovery behavior with respect to any variable under investigation. Therefore, reductions in postural sway evoked by submaximum biting are obviously not transferable to balance recovery as it was assessed in the present study. It is suggested that these contradictions are the result of different motor demands associated with the abovementioned tasks. Furthermore, floor effects and the sample size might be discussed as potential reasons for the absence of significances. Notwithstanding this, the present study also revealed that bite forces under both conditions significantly increased from subjects’ release to touchdown of the recovery limb. Clenching the jaw, hence, seems to be part of a common physiological repertoire used to improve motor performance.

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Effect of arm swing on single-step balance recovery

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

Home-Based Risk of Falling Assessment Test Using a Closed-Loop Balance Model

Home-Based Risk of Falling Assessment Test Using a Closed-Loop Balance Model

Evaluation of balance recovery stability from unpredictable perturbations through the compensatory arm and leg movements (CALM) scale

Effect of Jaw Clenching on Balance Recovery: Dynamic Stability and Lower Extremity Joint Kinematics after Forward Loss of Balance

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