Effect of azadirachtin of neemix-4.5 on SWR/J mice

Abstract

Inbred normal SWR/J male and female mice, 8-10 weeks old and weighing 22.55-26.72 g, were used throughout the study. A total of 100 males and 100 females were used and were divided into 20 groups, 10 animals in each group. Azadirachtin of neemix-4.5, a commercial botanical pesticide derived from the neem tree, orally administered to male and female SWR/J mice at a dose level 9.0 mg/kg (1/10 LD50) for different treatment periods (2, 4, 6, 8 or 11.5 weeks) has produced signs of toxicity, mortality and changes in body and tissue weights of both sexes at almost all treated periods used in the present study. Moreover the oral administration of this dose level for 11.5 weeks has also resulted in some histopathological changes in the livers, kidneys and testes of treated animals compared with the control group, and the degree of these changes ranged from mild to severe in these organs of treated males. However, conflicting results have been reported concerning the toxicity of azadirachtin in mammalian species using different formulations of neem-based pesticides. It appears, therefore, that the toxicity produced by neemix-4.5 in the present study may be due to factors other than azadirachtin in this formulation.

"Toxicity Evaluation of Two Neem Oil Nano- Formulations Using Swiss Male Albino Mice"

“…Also, there were increases in packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, red blood corpuscles (to check the level of anemia), white blood cells, and lymphocyte counts, but no cytotoxic effects were observed. In another study carried out by (Abou-Tarboush, et al [50]), it was found that azadirachtin was orally administrated to male and female SWR/J mice at a dose level of 9.0 mg/kg (1/10 LD 50 ) for different treatment periods has produced signs of toxicity, mortality, and changes in the body, histopathological changes in the livers, kidneys and testis and tissue weights of both sexes at almost all treated periods. The present study showed a significant reduction in creatinine levels on certain days after treatment or recovery period as indicators for renal injury induced by neem formulation treatments.…”

The Insecticidal Activity of Neem (<i>Azadirachataindica</i>) Against Weevils in Stored Bambara Nuts (<i>Vignasubterranea</i>) and Beans (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>)

“…It has been shown that azadirachtin acts on the mitotic cells and blocks the microtubule polymerization [3]. The antiproliferating effect of azadirachtin is due to blocking of cell cycle and induction of apoptosis [1]. It has been suggested that azadirachtin is highly reactive and have many cellular molecules as target in cytoplasm as well as in nucleus [16].…”