Effect of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the intestinal structural integrity and growth performance of broiler chickens under necrotic enteritis challenge

Sokale, Adebayo; Menconi, A.; Mathis, Greg F.; Lumpkins, Brett; Sims, M. D.; Whelan, Rose; Doranalli, Kiran

doi:10.3382/ps/pez368

Cited by 71 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In a C. perfringens/Eimeria maxima coinfection model of avian necrotic enteritis, feeding of B. subtilis reduced gut pathology and animal mortality, and restored alterations in the intestinal microbiome, compared with controls (22). Other studies have confirmed the ability of Bacillus DFMs to reduce C. perfringens colonization of the intestinal mucosa and improve animal growth performance in avian necrotic enteritis (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41). In general, while the beneficial effect of Bacillus DFMs on body weight gains in healthy, uninfected chickens is generally moderate (<10%), a more pronounced outcome of the dietary supplements has been observed when weight loss is aggravated as a consequence of pathogenic infection (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Park

Zimmerman²,

Smith³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Direct-fed microbials (DFMs) are dietary supplements containing live microorganisms which confer a performance and health benefit to the host, but the mechanisms are unclear. Here, a metabolomics approach was used to identify changes in intestinal metabolite levels in chickens fed an unsupplemented diet or a diet supplemented with B. subtilis strain 1781 or strain 747. Body weight gains of chickens fed the B. subtilis-supplemented diets were increased up to 5.6% in the B. subtilis 1781 group and 7.6% in the B. subtilis 747 group compared with chickens fed the unsupplemented diet. Compared with unsupplemented controls, the levels of 83 metabolites were altered (p < 0.05) (25 increased, 58 decreased) in chickens given the B. subtilis 1781-supplemented diet, while 50 were altered (p < 0.05) (12 increased, 38 decreased) with the B. subtilis 747-supplemented diet. Twenty-two metabolites were altered (p < 0.05) (18 increased, 4 decreased) in the B. subtilis 1781 vs. B. subtilis 747 groups. A random forest analysis of the B. subtilis 1781 vs. control groups gave a predictive accuracy of 87.5%, while that of the B. subtilis 747 vs. control groups was 62.5%. A random forest analysis of the B. subtilis 1781 vs. B. subtilis 747 groups gave a predictive accuracy of 75.0%. Changes in the levels of these intestinal biochemicals provided a distinctive biochemical signature unique to each B. subtilis-supplemented group, and were characterized by alterations in the levels of dipeptides (alanylleucine, glutaminylleucine, phenylalanylalanine, valylglutamine), nucleosides (N1-methyladenosine, N6-methyladenosine, guanine, 2-deoxyguanosine), fatty acids (sebacate, valerylglycine, linoleoylcholine), and carbohydrates (fructose). These results provide the foundation for future studies to identify biochemicals that might be used to improve poultry growth performance in the absence of antibiotic growth promoters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Park

Zimmerman²,

Smith³

et al. 2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…In this context, necrotic enteritis (NE) and Eimeria coccidiosis are considered the most important digestive infectious diseases in chickens. NE is a widespread disease commonly diagnosed in poultry flocks that is caused by the overgrowth of commensal Clostridium perfringens, a spore forming, gram-positive, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium [2]. Although the primary causative agent is Clostridium perfringens types A and C, several additional factors have been reported as predisposing factors, such as cereal type in the diet, dietary protein levels, anti-nutritional factors, coinfection with other pathogens (particularly coccidiosis), as well as environmental and management factors such as stress, high animal density, and immunosuppression [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Targeted-Release Organic Acids and Essential Oils Improve Performance and Digestive Function in Broilers under a Necrotic Enteritis Challenge

Abdelli

Pérez

Vilarrasa³

et al. 2020

Animals

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An experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of four different microencapsulated blends of organic acids (OA) and nature-identical aromatic compounds (AC) on growth performance and gut health of broilers challenged with a recycled NE litter. A total of 600 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were randomly assigned to five treatments consisting of a basal diet (as negative control) supplemented with each of the tested microencapsulated blends: OA1 (malic and fumaric acid) + AC; 2.5 g/kg; OA2 (calcium butyrate+fumaric acid) + AC; 1.7 g/kg; MCFA (capric-caprylic; caproic and lauric acid) + AC; 2 g/kg; and MCFA + OA3 (calcium butyrate+fumaric and citric acid) + AC; 1.5 g/kg. The AC used was the same for all treatments; including cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol (8:1:1), as major compounds. Three tested blends enhanced growth performance by improving intestinal histomorphology (p < 0.001). The tested blends enhanced the abundance of some beneficial families such as Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae; while reducing that of harmful ones such as Enterobacteriaceae and Helicobacteraceae. A further dose-response experiment showed that 0.5 g/kg of the blend 2 and 2 g/kg of the blend 4 improved growth performance and intestinal histomorphology of chickens on d 42 and decreased fecal Enterobacteriaceae and C. perfringens counts. Similar effects to the previous experiment were observed for cecum microbiota.

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“…It indicated that Probiotic BaSC06 can replace antibiotics both in piglets and fattening pigs. Many studies have been veri ed that the bene cial effects of probiotics on animal growth is related to improve intestinal health, including digestion absorption function, antioxidative capacity, immune function, and microbiota composition [19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of probiotic BaSC06 on intestinal digestion and absorption function, antioxidant capacity and macrophage polarization and microbiota composition in fattening pigs

Cao¹,

Tang²,

Zeng³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The previous study in our team found that supplementation of probiotic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SC06 (BaSC06) as an alternative to antibiotics (Kitasamycin) can effectively reduce the diarrhea rate and promote the growth performance of weaned piglets. We speculate that BaSC06 may become a better substitute for antibiotics for fattening pigs. Hence, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the effects of BaSC06 substitute antibiotics on growth performance, digestive functions, antioxidant capacity, macrophage polarization and intestinal microbiota of fattening pigs. Methods: A total of 117 fattening pigs with similar weight and genetic basis were selected and divided into three groups: Anti group, fed with basal diet supplemented with 40 g/t Kitasamycin; Anti + Ba group, fed with 1 × 108 CFU/kg BaSC06 and 20 g/t Kitasamycin; Ba group, fed with 1 × 108 CFU/kg BaSC06 replaced Kitasamycin. Each treatment had three replications of 13 pigs per pen. Results: It indicated that BaSC06 replacement significantly improved ADFI and ADG in fattening pigs. It also improved intestinal digestion and absorption function with the increased activities of intestinal digestive enzymes and higher expression of glucose transporters SGLT1 and small peptide transporters PEPT1, maintained intestinal integrity significantly. Besides, supplementation with BaSC06 enhanced intestinal and body antioxidant capacity by activating Nrf2/ Keap1 antioxidant signaling pathway. In addition, BaSC06 as a substitute could alleviate intestinal inflammation by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokine and simultaneously increase the expression of M1 and M2 macrophage marker proteins in the intestinal mucosa. The transcription factor STAT3 regulated M2 polarization, which maintained immune homeostasis and reduced inflammation. What’s more, BaSC06 could improve the composition of the microbiota as well by increasing the proportion of Firmicutes, and reducing the proportion of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings indicated that diet supplementation with BaSC06 instead of antibiotics increased the growth performance of piglets by improving the digestion and absorption of nutrients, intestinal microbiota composition and mucosal structure, antioxidative capacity and immune functions (including increasing M1and M2 polarization of macrophage).

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Effect of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the intestinal structural integrity and growth performance of broiler chickens under necrotic enteritis challenge

Cited by 71 publications

References 30 publications

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Dietary Supplementation With Bacillus subtilis Direct-Fed Microbials Alters Chicken Intestinal Metabolite Levels

Targeted-Release Organic Acids and Essential Oils Improve Performance and Digestive Function in Broilers under a Necrotic Enteritis Challenge

Effects of probiotic BaSC06 on intestinal digestion and absorption function, antioxidant capacity and macrophage polarization and microbiota composition in fattening pigs

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