Effect of Bi₂O₃ additive on dielectric properties of BaTiO₃-based ceramics for improving energy density

Abstract

In this paper, the effect of Bi 2 O 3 additive on dielectric properties of BaTiO 3 -based ceramics was investigated for improving energy density. When x = 0.05, the created defect dipoles in BT-BN system achieved a balance in the system with the minimum value of P r . Because of the created dipole, the long-range dipolar interaction was interrupted and the weak couplings of the defect dipoles were formed. Energy storage density achieved the maximum values of 0.68 J cm −3 with energy efficiency 91.5% in 0.95BaTiO 3 -Bi 0.05 Nb 0.05 O 4 . The nonlinearity was suppressed obviously with low P r , which was good for in lead-free relaxor materials for the energy storage applications.