Effect of Bidirectional Reflector Technology on the Non-line-of-sight propagation of Light Fidelity System

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) is an optical wireless communication technique that delivers high-speed data transmission rates by utilizing light-emitting diodes (LEDs). It is noteworthy that any light source available has the potential to be transformed into a functional Li-Fi node that can offer the possibility of communicating with the remaining sections of the Li-Fi communication network as well as the entire Internet infrastructure. The Li-Fi node utilizes light to provide efficient and secure communication among internet users, additionally allowing access from any location. Simultaneously, the Internet of Things (IoT) represents a collection of innovative and integrated technologies, offering an array of exciting services and solutions that have the potential to revolutionize our daily lives. The development of IoT results in a significant increase in smart devices and sensors. Such devices demand more efficient, faster, and secure data transmission. Li-Fi technology can satisfy the requirements of the forthcoming 6th generation IoT network. It can enhance data rates while consuming minimal energy. Consequently, it can be effectively integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) in order to develop innovative and intelligent systems.

Section: B Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internet of Things Utilizing Light Fidelity Technology: A Review

2023

“…Due to the spread of the received signal, bidirectional reflector technique was utilized to boost the system's performance. As a result, this technology has proven that it can fix reflected signals [20].…”

Section: B Irs Controller and Tunable Chipsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most IRS are what are known as passive metasurfaces, which implies that their functionality is locked in once the devices are manufactured. Currently, there is a push to learn more about active and tunable metasurfaces, which can be reconfigured to manipulate electromagnetic (EM) waves and provide a versatile platform for future multifunctional devices [20]. We will review the Passive RIS and Active RIS types.…”

Section: Hardware Architecture Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey - Intelligent Reflecting Surface Beyond 5G

2023

In the coming decade, we'll see the rollout of the intelligent information society-a highly digitalized, intelligent civilization that draws inspiration from AI and runs on global data. Next-generation or modern communication networks are crucial to bringing this ambitious plan to fruition because of their promise of universal connectivity, full 360-degree wireless coverage, and the seamless integration of all necessary functions to power truly vertical apps. Research in this area has shown that the Intelligent Reflective Surface (IRS) combined with wireless environment management capability is a viable solution for 6G technology. To be more specific, the IRS is capable of precise 3D passive beam formation due to the wavefront's phases, amplitude, frequency, and polarization being controlled intelligently by tunable components. In this article, we provide an overview of the IRS, including categorizing recent IRS research theory, and we also review IRS's structure, controller, tunable chips, and design hardware architecture. Finally, as a timely review of the IRS, our summary will be of interest to both researchers and practitioners involved.

“…The VLC technology offers several advantages, such as a large unlicensed spectrum, ease of availability, long lifespan, small size, and low power consumption; therefore, the VLC technology arises as a new present communication technology choice. VLC Technology.com [4]. VLC technology, which combines lighting and communication via LED and other solid-state electrical technologies and is known as such, has additional to offering higher security.…”

Section: _ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OCDMA Performance on FSO Turbulent Weather Channel on Li-Fi Systems

2023

Because of advances in Light-Emitting Diodes LEDs and visible-light communication (VLC), future technology is light fidelity. The interference problems with radio frequency (RF) communication was overcome by using visible light communication (VLC) technology, which has higher bandwidth and greater security. On the other hand, the FSO link is affected by complex weather, Where Different atmospheric conditions affect the optical power of the FSO system very significantly, decreasing significantly. The effects of turbulent weather on OCDMA technology are examined in this paper and compared with and without using this technology at different distances in L-Bands in light of the increased number of users. There are various challenges that Li-Fi technology faces in maintaining the system performance with the increase in the number of users. These issues will cause a decrease in the system's performance parameters, such as BER. Further, the challenges that exist are the total bandwidth usage and the number of users without affecting the system. Finally, security should be maintained at the highest level at the lowest cost. With the best results, the research shows that Optical Code division multiple access OCDMA technologies enhance system performance and stability, especially over long distances. On the contrary, the system will fail to function correctly over the same distance if the technology mentioned above is not utilized. For example, the heavy dust, the system achieved approximately from 1.02 * 10-12 to 9.5 * 10-11 with our proposed technology, whereas it achieved approximately from 2.8 * 10-7 to 4 * 10-4 without the proposed technology at a distance ranging from 60m to 160m. the system was tested during heavy fog weather, considered the most challenging situation, with an n attenuation of 340dB/M. The results revealed that the system achieved roughly 1.11*10-12 to 9.25*10-11, but without OCDMA technology, it achieved between 3.8*10-8 and 1.4*10-4 at 20 m to 120 m. These include heavy dust, fog, and moderate attenuation of 340, 242, and 85 dB/m, which have been used.