Effect of Boric Acid on Volatile Products of Thermooxidative Degradation of Epoxy Polymers

Nazarenko, Olga B.; Bukhareva, P B; Мельникова, Т. В.; Visakh, P. M.

doi:10.1088/1742-6596/671/1/012041

Cited by 7 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The samples exhibited two steps of weight loss. The first step, in the temperature range of 100–250 °C, was due to the thermal decomposition of PFR, first thermal dehydration of H 3 BO 3 , and second thermal dehydration of the latter [ 29 , 44 ]. The second step of weight loss appeared in the temperature range of 300–550 °C, due to the thermal decomposition of polymer matrix [ 43 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These compounds improve the flame resistance of the polymers by acting in the gas and the condensed phases. They decompose endothermically, reducing the temperature of the system and producing water that can dilute flammable gases that result from the pyrolysis process [ 29 ]. In the condensed phase, they improve the formation and stabilization of a protective char layer on the polymer surface [ 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Phosphorus and Boron Compounds on Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy Properties of Epoxy Composites

Hamciuc¹,

Vlad‐Bubulac²,

Serbezeanu³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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While plastics are regarded as the most resourceful materials nowadays, ranging from countless utilities including protective or decorating coatings, to adhesives, packaging materials, electronic components, paintings, furniture, insulating composites, foams, building blocks and so on, their critical limitation is their advanced flammability, which in fire incidents can result in dramatic human fatalities and irreversible environmental damage. Herein, epoxy-based composites with improved flame-resistant characteristics have been prepared by incorporating two flame retardant additives into epoxy resin, namely 6-(hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)-6H-dibenzo[c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinine-6-oxide (PFR) and boric acid (H3BO3). The additional reaction of 9,10-dihydro-oxa-10-phosphophenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) to the carbonyl group of benzaldehyde yielded PFR, which was then used to prepare epoxy composites having a phosphorus content ranging from 1.5 to 4 wt%, while the boron content was 2 wt%. The structure, morphology, thermal stability and flammability of resulted epoxy composites were investigated by FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC). Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the simultaneous incorporation of PFR and H3BO3 improved the thermal stability of the char residue at high temperatures. The surface morphology of the char residues, studied by SEM measurements, showed improved characteristics in the case of the samples containing both phosphorus and boron atoms. The MCC tests revealed a significant reduction in flammability as well as a significant decrease in heat release capacity for samples containing both PFR and H3BO3 compared to the neat epoxy thermoset.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Phosphorus and Boron Compounds on Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy Properties of Epoxy Composites

Hamciuc¹,

Vlad‐Bubulac²,

Serbezeanu³

et al. 2022

Polymers

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“…Nazarenko et al have indicated that the addition of metal nanofillers such as aluminium to epoxy resin improves the thermal stability of the composite. [ 30 ] Because of the high thermal conductivity of the Ni nanofillers, the epoxy‐Ni nanocomposites are less effected by the thermal stress, compared to base epoxy resin. Also, the addition of Ni nanofillers enhances the electrical conductivity along with thermal conductivity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of accelerated aging of epoxy‐Ni nanocomposites on space charge variation adopting pulsed electro acoustic technique

et al. 2020

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Epoxy-Ni nanocomposites of different weight percentages are subjected to accelerated aging by water aging, thermal aging and UV irradiation to understand the influence of aging conditions on their space charge behavior. Homocharge accumulation is observed for unaged epoxy-Ni nanocomposites. The magnitude of accumulated space charge is found to be lesser in 0.5 wt% epoxy-Ni nanocomposite specimen compared to other unaged specimens. Water diffusion coefficient of epoxy-Ni nanocomposites decreased with increasing weight percentage of filler addition. Space charge accumulation tends to increase with water aging. Increment in the space charge accumulation of 0.25 wt% epoxy-Ni nanocomposite specimen is lesser compared to other water aged specimens. Exposure to thermal stress resulted in deterioration of the molecular structure of insulating material leading to an increase in trapcontrolled mobility, further leading to the reduction in space charge density with aging period. UV irradiation marginally assisted the charge transportation phenomenon, which resulted in the slight decrease of space charge density of epoxy-Ni nanocomposites after UV irradiation. Hetero-charge formation is found for all the three aging procedures. Overall, the specimen S1 reflected better space charge characteristics after being subjected to different aging conditions.

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“…It completed at approximately 600 C. Consequently, BA lost all its water, and it was entirely transformed to boron oxide (B 2 O 3 ). 103,104 In addition, the interaction between components of the flame retardant IFR2.5BA-MMT (APP/BA/PER/MMT: 16.25/2.5/6.25/2) is clearly seen in Figure 3.…”

Section: Thermogravimetric Analysis (Tg/dtg) Of Pp and Its Compositesmentioning

confidence: 97%

The effect of boric acid on flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites including nanoclay

Demirhan

Yurtseven

Usta

2021

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials

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In this study, different amounts of boric acid (BA, 1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 wt%) were used to enhance the effectiveness of an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system composed of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and pentaerythritol (PER) in polypropylene (PP) including 2 wt% montmorillonite nanoclay (MMT). Meanwhile, metaboric acid and boron oxide which were generated by the decomposition of BA appeared in the melt compounding and the burning processes, respectively. Extensive experimental studies were performed to investigate the effects of BA/boron oxide and MMT combinations on the properties of PP/IFR. The fire resistances of the composites were studied by UL 94, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry tests. The thermal properties were determined by using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal conductivity measurements. In addition, the mechanical properties of the composites were examined. The experimental results revealed that although the additions of 1.25 and 2.5 wt% BA with 2 wt% MMT significantly enhanced thermal and flame resistances of PP composites, 3.75 and 5.0 wt% BA additions generated antagonistic effects and deteriorated the fire resistance of the composites. The sample including 2.5 wt% BA addition achieved the best flame retardancy. The LOI value was increased from 18 to 31% with UL 94 V-0 rating. In addition, the peak heat release rate was reduced from 668.6 to 150.0 kW/m2 and the total heat release value was decreased from 247.9 to 98.4 MJ/m2. In the meantime, the thermal conductivity was increased from 0.22 up to 0.28 W/mK. Furthermore, CO, CO2 and the smoke productions were significantly decreased with respect to PP. NO generation was decreased with BA replacements. At the same time, although there was a slight decrease in the tensile strength, the flexural strength significantly increased with BA and MMT additions.

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Effect of Boric Acid on Volatile Products of Thermooxidative Degradation of Epoxy Polymers

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Effects of Phosphorus and Boron Compounds on Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy Properties of Epoxy Composites

Effects of Phosphorus and Boron Compounds on Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy Properties of Epoxy Composites

Impact of accelerated aging of epoxy‐Ni nanocomposites on space charge variation adopting pulsed electro acoustic technique

The effect of boric acid on flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites including nanoclay

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