Effect of boscalid on postharvest decay of strawberry caused by Botrytis cinerea and Rhizopus stolonifer

Abstract

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is a nonclimateric fruit characterized by a short postharvest life, often estimated in less than 5 days. It is very prone to rapid dehydration, physiological disorders, bruising and other mechanical injuries, and to infections caused by several pathogens that can rapidly reduce quality of ripe fruits. These factors hinder to achieve export market and have limited strawberry production in Chile. Effect of boscalid on AbstractIn Chile, gray mold (Botrytis cinerea) and leak (Rhizopus stolonifer) are the major storage diseases of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) that considerably reduce yields and quality, limiting its international commercialization. The effect of preharvest fungicide treatments and postharvest treatments against storage decays was studied. Based on the results obtained, the incidence of B. cinerea and R. stolonifer was significantly lower on 'Camarosa' strawberry fruits treated with boscalid or boscalid + pyraclostrobin between blossom and harvest. Similarly, incidence of B. cinerea and R. stolonifer significantly decreased at 5ºC and 20ºC after immersion treatments with boscalid (600 to 700 mg L -1 ) or cyprodinil + fludioxonil (371 + 250 mg L -1 ). These postharvest treatments provided 5 and 15 days protection against these molds when strawberry fruits were stored at 20ºC and 5ºC, respectively. Fenhexamid (750 mg L -1 ) arrested B. cinerea, but it was ineffective against R. stolonifer. Variable results were obtained with iprodione (750 mg L -1 ). Fungicide treatments had no adverse effect on total soluble content, titrable acidity and firmness. Only boscalid + pyraclostrobin affected the external color of the treated fruits. In conclusion, fungicide treatments using new reduced-risk fungicides can be useful to extend strawberry shelf life for over a 15 day period. However, further research is needed to establish a commercial recommendation.Additional key words: boscalid, cyprodinil, fenhexamid, Fragaria, fungicides, pyraclostrobin. Resumen Efecto de boscalid sobre las podredumbres de la fresa en postcosecha causadas por Botrytis cinerea y Rhizopus stoloniferEn Chile, el moho gris (Botrytis cinerea) y el moho negro algodonoso (Rhizopus stolonifer) reducen los rendimientos y la calidad de la fresa (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) en pre y postcosecha, limitando su comercialización internacional. En este trabajo se estudió la efectividad de tratamientos de campo y postcosecha sobre el desarrollo de podredumbres, vida útil y cualidades de la fresa conservada a 5ºC y 20ºC. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos, la incidencia de B. cinerea y R. stolonifer en postcosecha fue significativamente menor en fruta proveniente de fresas 'Camarosa' tratadas, entre floración y cosecha, con boscalid o boscalid + pyraclostrobin. Del mismo modo, fresas 'Camarosa' tratadas por inmersión en boscalid (600 a 700 mg L -1 ) o cyprodinil + fludioxonil (375 + 250 mg L -1 ), presentaron menor incidencia de B. cinerea y R. stolonifer tanto a 5ºC como a 20ºC. Este tratamiento proteg...

Effectiveness of isofetamid, a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, in the control of grapevine gray mold

“…Both fungicides prevented gray mold development on grapevines by reducing B. cinerea at flowering and arresting gray mold infection at harvest time. As previously suggested for grapes and other fruits (Errampalli and Crnko, 2004;Frank et al, 2005;Sallato et al, 2007;Sholberg et al, 2003;Xiao, et al, 2009), residues of isofetamid and fenhexamid, resulting from field application at harvest, provided protection against the dissemination of gray mold in packaged grapes during storage. However, additional research, including fungicide residue analysis, is required to establish recommendations of preharvest isofetamid application to control gray mold during grape storage.…”

Influência do sistema de produção e do armazenamento refrigerado nas características físico-químicas e no desenvolvimento de compostos voláteis em morangos

“…Por outro lado, no oitavo dia de armazenamento, observouse decréscimo geral da firmeza, sendo a 'Camino Real' convencional (2,89N) significativamente inferior às demais. Segundo SALLATO et al (2007), o decréscimo de firmeza pode ser devido à proliferação fúngica, causada principalmente por Botrytis cinerea, fato confirmado pelos resultados de maiores valores de podridões no oitavo dia de armazenamento, para as duas cultivares nos dois sistemas de produção (Tabela 1).…”

Volatile organic compounds of Hanseniaspora uvarum increase strawberry fruit flavor and defense during cold storage

“…Fungal infections bring serious loss in strawberry production, especially during field and postharvest phases (Paulus, 1990). Many studies reported successful preventing of postharvest decay with chemical fungicides (El-Mougy, El-Gamal, & Abdalla, 2008;Sallato, Torres, Zoffoli, & Latorre, 2007). To date, there is much concern about fungicide residue in agricultural product, and biocontrol has been considered as a more acceptable method for controlling postharvest diseases (Karunaratne, 2011;Kilani-Feki et al, 2016;Mohamed & Saad, 2009;Pretorius, Van, & Clarke, 2015).…”