Effect of Branch Direction's Arrangement on Soybean Yield and Yield Components

Abstract

Useful light interception during reproductive stages is very important for soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.) dry matter production. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the light utilizatiou in the canopy for yield, and its components in the case of arranging branch direction to row direction with flat type (1/2 phyllotaxy) soybean. The field study was conducted in the field at Niigata University on a loamy sand soil at 25, 16 and 9 plants m"^ in 1994, 1995 and 1996, using cultivar 'Miyagishirome' (Maturity Group VII or VIII, phyllotaxy 1/2; branches develop flatly) with treatments so that branches developed at right angles direction (Type R) and in a parallel direction (Type P) to the direction of the row.Total dry weight (TDW) was greater in Type R than in Type P. A higher leaf area index (LAI) was shown in Type R than in Type P in each plant density among the three years. More light penetrated into the canopy in Type R than in Type P. Higher TDW and LAI were produced by effective light interception at the canopy of Type R.Yield and its components were greater in higher than lower density and tended to be greater in Type R than it! Type P. Increased yield depend on seed, pod and node number m"l The increase of yield components in Type R was suggested to be due to favorable light condition in the canopy, compared with Type P.

Row and Plant Spacing Effects on Yield and Yield Components of Soya Bean Varieties Under Hot Humid Tropical Environment of Ethiopia

“…Producing significantly higher seed yield and yield components per m 2 in narrower spacing (Table 4, Fig. 1) is in accordance with the results of most of the previous studies (Herbert and Litchfield 1984, Boquet 1990, Asanome and Ikeda 1998, Bowers et al. 2000, De Bruin and Pedersen 2008, Acikgoz et al.…”

“…2009). Specifically, larger yield has been produced from soya bean planted in 38 cm Row spacing than in 76 cm Row spacing (De Bruin and Pedersen 2008), and increased pod and grain numbers per m 2 at high densities and in narrow Row spacing (Yunusa and Ikawelle 1990 , Asanome and Ikeda 1998). However, our results showed non‐significant effect of Row spacing on plant height, individual plant and pod responses, and weed infestation; but soya bean plants grew taller in narrow Plant spacing (Tables 1 and 2, Fig.…”

“…Several experiments conducted on Row and Plant spacing under different soil and climatic conditions indicated higher yield and yield components for high planting densities (25–60 cm Row spacing and 21–38 plants m −2 ) than for low planting densities (Yunusa and Ikawelle 1990 , Asanome and Ikeda 1998, Ball et al. 2000, Gan et al.…”

Mapping and comparison of quantitative trait loci for soybean branching phenotype in two locations

“…The number and distribution of branches determine the canopy architecture for light interception as well as lodging resistance and thereby influence seed yield. The extent of branching is markedly dependent on aspects of the growth environment, including plant density, planting pattern, planting date, and nutritional conditions (Acock and Acock 1987, Asanome and Ikeda 1998, Foroutan-pour et al 1999, Schon and Blevins 1990, Settimi and Board 1988, Weaver et al 1991. This flexibility of branching pattern allows for the generation of similar crop yields per unit area at a wide range of plant densities (Carpenter and Board 1997).…”

Effect of Silver‐Sheet and Figaron on Flower Production, Abscission of Reproductive Organs, Yield and Yield Components in Soybean (Glycine max L.)

“…So, it may be worthwhile to provide additional light to the lower canopy using some kind of light reflector for increased productivity of soybean. Greater yield of soybean was observed with greater light interception during the vegetative and reproductive stages (Board and Harville 1992, Asanome and Ikeda 1998) and was affected by planting density and pattern (Ikeda and Sato 1990, Ikeda et al. 1994, Asanome and Ikeda 1998).…”