Effect of Calcium Channel Blockers on Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Background Numerous medications are known to be associated with the development of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). One such medication group is calcium channel blockers (CCB). Objective To critically examine the literature regarding the involvement of CCB in manifestation of LUTS in humans. Methods A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, and OpenGrey databases to find all potentially relevant research studies before August 2016. Results Five studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Three out of five studies stated that CCB were involved in either precipitation or exacerbation of LUTS. As for the remaining two studies, one study found out that only the monotherapy of CCB was associated with increased prevalence of nocturia and voiding symptoms in young females, whereas the other study reported an inverse association of CCB with LUTS. The methodological quality of studies was considered high for four studies and low for one study. Conclusion Healthcare providers should make efforts for an earlier identification of the individuals at risk of LUTS prior to the commencement of CCB therapy. Moreover, patients should be counselled to notify their healthcare provider if they notice urinary symptoms after the initiation of CCB.

Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers and obstructive sleep apnea: Two underrecognized causes of nocturia?

“…A review article 6 identified five studies [7][8][9][10][11] investigating the relationship between CCB and storage LUTS. However, the results of this review were inconclusive: three studies demonstrated a link between CCB and LUTS/ nocturia; one study found no significant link; and one study reported an inverse relationship between CCB use and nocturia.…”

Sarcopenia and Visceral Obesity are Significantly Related to Severe Storage Symptoms in Geriatric Female Patients

“…Previous reports found that dyslipidemia is proportional to visceral fat volume and that some antihypertensive drugs could affect LUTS. 9,18,19 Furthermore, patients with malignancies could face a risk of developing sarcopenia. 2 Thus, we also disclosed the prior history of malignancies and the use of antihypertensive and antihyperlipidemic drugs in Table 1.…”

Calcium Channel Blockers Are Associated with Nocturia in Men Aged 40 Years or Older

“…Recently, associations of hypertension and AHTs with nocturia were demonstrated [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Especially, CCB use was reported to be positively associated with nocturia [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ].…”

“…Recently, associations of hypertension and AHTs with nocturia were demonstrated [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Especially, CCB use was reported to be positively associated with nocturia [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. Bulpit et al and Hollenberg et al demonstrated that the CCBs amlodipine and/or nifedipine promote nocturia and increased urination compared to the aldosterone antagonist eplerenone or β-blocker bisoprolol [ 23 , 24 ], while Hall demonstrated that CCB use as monotherapy or combination with other AHTs, but not AHTs other than CCBs, was significantly associated with increased prevalence of nocturia (OR 2.65) in women aged less than 55 but not in those aged 55 or more [ 19 ].…”

“…Epidemiological studies demonstrated a significant relationship between hypertension and nocturia [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Several studies also demonstrated that anti-hypertensive agents (AHTs), particularly calcium channel blockers (CCBs), were associated with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), including nocturia [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. CCB was shown to be associated with more episodes of nocturia compared to aldosterone receptor antagonists and β-blockers [ 23 , 24 ].…”