Effect of Calcium Glycerophosphate on Demineralization in an in vitro Biofilm Model

Abstract

The aim was to investigate the anti-caries properties of calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) using an in vitro bacterial flow cell model. Four flow cells, inoculated from a chemostat containing a seven-organism bacterial consortium, were pulsed with sucrose twice daily, to provide an acidic challenge and pH-cycling conditions. Blocks of enamel and dentine were mounted in each flow cell. In a study on the effect of CaGP concentration, CaGP was pulsed into three of the flow cells, at the same time as the sucrose, to give concentrations of 0.10, 0.25 and 0.50%. Water was pulsed into the fourth flow cell with the sucrose. Microradiography revealed a significant dose response of decreasing demineralization as CaGP concentration increased. Reductions at 0.25 and 0.5% were significant when compared to the control. A second study investigated the effect of timing of CaGP pulsing, relative to sucrose, on enamel and dentine demineralization. CaGP (flow cell concentration 0.2%), was pulsed 1 h before, during or 1 h after the sucrose pulse; a water control was employed. In enamel, pulsing CaGP before the sucrose reduced demineralization significantly compared to concurrent pulsing, which in turn gave a significant reduction compared to pulsing after sucrose, which did not reduce demineralization significantly compared to the water control. In dentine, CaGP reduced demineralization significantly only when pulsed before the sucrose. The findings suggest that in vivo, the anti-caries potential of CaGP may be greater if it is applied before a cariogenic challenge.

Effect of Erosion/Abrasion Challenge on the Dentin Tubule Occlusion Using Different Desensitizing Agents

“…Clinpro XT Varnish is composed of polyalkenoic acid copolymer, also found in the resin modified glass ionomer cements Vitrebond and Vitremer, which provide chemical adhesion to dentin by ionic bonding with the hydroxyapatite calcium, the prevalent mineral component of dentin (16). Furthermore, Clinpro XT Varnish contains calcium glycerophosphate, which allows the increase of bioavailable calcium and phosphate in saliva (17). In this study, the samples were maintained in artificial saliva during the intervals of the erosion/abrasion challenge, which might have allowed the release of calcium and phosphate from the saliva to the dentin after each pH drop by the citric acid action in the erosion cycle.…”

“…Previous studies have evaluated the desensitizing activity of Clinpro XT Varnish (8,(17)(18)(19). An in vitro comparison between Clinpro XT and a conventional Values of groups with the same uppercase letters were not significantly different in the same row, and those with the same lowercase letters were not significantly different in the same column (p>0.05).…”

Noninvasive Dentistry: A Dream or Reality?

“…In recent years only limited additional data has been generated. Lynch and ten Cate [2006] studied the effect of Ca-GP on enamel and dentine demineralization in an in vitro biofilm model. Ca-GP showed the largest effect on demineralization when it was pulsed prior to a sucrose pulse.…”

Grape Seed Extract as a Potential Remineralizing Agent: A Comparative in vitro Study

“…It has been established that the anticaries potential of CaGP may be greater when it is applied sometime before a cariogenic challenge than after or during a cariogenic challenge for effective remineralization. 24 The study may be repeated with a larger sample size to validate the results and explain the large standard deviation values. Further studies are required to elaborate the mechanism of action and the clinical protocol of application of GSE.…”