Effect of carbonaceous reinforcements on the mechanical and tribological properties of friction stir processed Al6061 alloy

Maurya, Rita; Kumar, B.V. Manoj; Ariharan, S.; Ramkumar, J.; Balani, Kantesh

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2016.03.021

Cited by 125 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…[1] [2] [3] [4]. Al6061 alloy which is a precipitation-hardened aluminium alloy, containing magnesium and silicon as its major alloying elements, is the most widely used matrix material because of its good mechanical properties, ease of fabrication, good castability, weldability and resistance to atmospheric corrosion [5] [6] [7]. It is one of the most common aluminum alloys for general-purpose use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Chicken Eggshell-Reinforced Al6061 Matrix Composites

Dwiwedi¹,

Srivastava²,

Sugimoto³

et al. 2018

OJMetal

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Chicken eggshell (ES) is an aviculture byproduct that has been used as the reinforcement in the present study which is recorded worldwide as one of the vilest environmental problems. The present work deals with development of ES-reinforced Al6061 matrix composites by stir-casting process with 0 to 10 wt% of reinforcement at an interval of 2 wt%. The microstructures of the fabricated composites were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopes with energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM/EDS). Optical micrographs divulge the uniform distribution of reinforcing particles in the matrix while X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns ensure the dispersion of ES particles reinforcement in Al6061 matrix. The properties measured include density, tensile strength and hardness values. The tensile strength and hardness of composites increase with the addition of ES particles and the maximum values were achieved at 4 wt%. Further increase of ES particles in the matrix leads to decrease in hardness and strength owing to increase in porosity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Chicken Eggshell-Reinforced Al6061 Matrix Composites

Dwiwedi¹,

Srivastava²,

Sugimoto³

et al. 2018

OJMetal

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“…In addition, a novel combination of liquid state solid stirring followed by friction stir processing to fabricate graphene/metal composite. Lot of agglomeration was found in the current method [58].…”

Section: Processing Methods Of Graphene-metal Matrix Compositementioning

confidence: 74%

Processing of Graphene/CNT-Metal Powder

Hg¹,

Xavior²

2018

Powder Technology

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In recent days, the demand for powder metallurgy components has increased due to unusual combination of properties. Carbon allotropes such as graphene and CNT are the novel material to enhance the properties of powder metallurgy component. However, processing of such materials is in infancy stage due lack of advance processing technique. This can be addressed through integration of several fabrication techniques to meet the industrial demands. The processing method and its important parameter will define the final property of the component. Such materials have found its applications in various fields like, sports, bio implants, aerospace and automobile sector.materials. Today, the most man made engineered composites includes mortar; concrete; reinforced plastics; ceramic composites and metal composites. Particulates, whiskers/short fibers are the common type of reinforcements (Figure 1) used successfully for the fabrication of composite. Particulates are available in platelets, spherical and various regular or irregular shapes which may be having equal geometry in all directions. The particulate reinforcement was limited to 30-40 vol% in the composite due to its brittleness and fabrication difficulties. Fiber glasses were the first modern composites and are used for sports materials, car bodies, ship and other structural applications. But, due to the advancement in the composite technology, carbon fibers replaced the glass reinforcement in the composite and were used for many expensive sporting equipment and aircrafts structures. Carbon nanotube is being used successfully in these days for making of stronger and lighter composites. Another advantage of any composite material is that their properties are tailorable to certain extent along any direction. Further, these developed composite materials have design-flexibility, close tolerance, high durable, chemical inert and corrosive resistance. Also, the innovation in the fabrication techniques and combination of advanced materials resulted in superior thermal stability, high temperature retention and outstanding electrical properties. Composite materials are used for various applications such as building blocks, structures, bridges, automobile components, race car bodies, aerospace structural materials, space crafts and more. Metal matrix composites (MMCs)Metal matrix composites (MMCs) comprises lightweight and low-density materials (aluminum, magnesium, copper, etc.) reinforced with fiber or particulate of ceramic (silicon carbide, alumina, graphite, etc.). MMCs gave the opportunity to tailor the desire properties for specific applications. The important properties of metal matrix composites are stiffness, specific strength at elevated operating temperature and high tribological performance. On the other hand, fabrication cost of MMCs found to be higher for high performance application such as space and military and conceding the ductility and toughness. Also, MMCs have wide applications and are used in jet engines, aircrafts, satellite materials, and piston mater...

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“…Material removal during sliding is analyzed on the basis of frictional energy dissipation at sliding contact. The shapes of friction hysteresis (tangential force F t vs relative slip amplitude δ ) remains almost a parallelogram (attached as appendix D), which shows gross slip regime as the fretting damage mechanism . The area under the hysteresis loop for all TaC‐based composites (see Table ) can be calculated by the following equation:

A = \int_{} F_{t} (D) d s

where ds is the displacement amplitude and the total area enclosed by friction hysteresis represents dissipated friction energy during each fretting cycle.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Friction log is a 3‐D plot (attached as appendix E), correlates friction force, slip amplitude and number of cycles, which elicits the transition and steady state zones along with fretting condition among sticking, partial slip, and gross slip . During the initial running in‐period, a transition zone is witnessed, which represents the initial interaction between the surface to counter body, and later it becomes smooth as the interaction increases (see Figure ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Interfaces on Multi‐length Scale Wear Mechanics of TaC‐based Composites

Nisar

Balani

2017

Adv Eng Mater

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In the current work, contact-mechanics at different length scale is utilized to correlate damage accumulation in TaC-based composites. Upon synergistic reinforcement with silicon carbide (SiC) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), TaC has shown to reduce the wear rate from 10.5 Â 10 À7 to 4.1 Â 10 À7 mm 3 N À1 m À1 upon fretting (micro-wear) and from 8.0 to 2.7 mm 3 N À1 m À1 upon microscratching (meso-wear). Enhancement in the fracture toughness from 2.9 to 10.7 MPam 1/2 with reinforcement is attributed to the processing induced defects (such as dislocation, stacking fault etc.) in SiC and strong interfacial bonding of CNTs with TaC, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Delineation of the synergistic contribution of SiC and CNT reinforcement in TaC establishes the wear mechanism to be abrasion (via fretting test), brittle tensile cracking, and fracture (via micro-scratch test).

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Effect of carbonaceous reinforcements on the mechanical and tribological properties of friction stir processed Al6061 alloy

Cited by 125 publications

References 31 publications

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Chicken Eggshell-Reinforced Al6061 Matrix Composites

Microstructural and Mechanical Characterization of Chicken Eggshell-Reinforced Al6061 Matrix Composites

Processing of Graphene/CNT-Metal Powder

Role of Interfaces on Multi‐length Scale Wear Mechanics of TaC‐based Composites

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